Fecal Calprotectin Is Elevated in HIV and Related to Systemic Inflammation
| Autor: | Heather Y Hughes, Julia C. Kosco, Grace A. McComsey, Nancy L Hagood, Sarah E Scott, Allison Ross Eckard, Danielle Labbato, Mary Ann O'Riordan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Inflammation Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay HIV Infections Systemic inflammation Inflammatory bowel disease Article Feces Young Adult Immune system Medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Young adult business.industry Middle Aged medicine.disease CD4 Lymphocyte Count Infectious Diseases C-Reactive Protein Anti-Retroviral Agents Immunology Biomarker (medicine) Female Calprotectin medicine.symptom business Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr |
| ISSN: | 1944-7884 |
| Popis: | Background Fecal calprotectin (FC), a biomarker of gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation, is used in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease. HIV infection severely damages gut-associated lymphoid and epithelial tissues leading to GI inflammation that drives systemic inflammation and increases subsequent risk of comorbidities. For the first time, we compared FC concentrations by HIV and antiretroviral therapy (ART) status and determined the relationship to systemic inflammation. Methods People with and without HIV were enrolled and underwent a comprehensive clinical and laboratory assessment. Stool samples were collected, and FC was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA. Plasma biomarkers of inflammation were also measured. Results One hundred one participants with HIV (83 ART-treated and 18 ART-naive) and 89 uninfected controls were enrolled. There were no significant differences between ART-naive and ART-treated participants, but both HIV groups had significantly higher FC concentrations than controls when FC was considered as a continuous variable or by cut-offs used in inflammatory bowel disease. The highest median and largest proportion of participants with FC >100 µg/g were seen in ART-naive, followed by ART-treated and then controls. Among HIV participants, FC concentrations were positively associated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II, and soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule and inversely associated with CD4 counts. Conclusions FC concentrations are elevated in HIV regardless of ART status. ART and immune reconstitution seem to reduce FC but not to concentrations seen in uninfected controls. Our results suggest a role for FC as a noninvasive surrogate measurement of GI inflammation and associated systemic inflammation in HIV. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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