Effects of Protein-Derived Amino Acid Modification Products Present in Infant Formula on Metabolic Function, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Permeability in Cell Models
| Autor: | Marianne N. Lund, Alina Kondrashina, Ines Greco, Michael J. Davies, Zhifei Chen, Luke F. Gamon, Linda Giblin |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Glycosylation Cell Lysine medicine.disease_cause Models Biological 01 natural sciences Permeability Mice Glycation medicine Animals Humans Amino Acids Intestinal Mucosa Incubation chemistry.chemical_classification Intestinal permeability 010401 analytical chemistry Proteins 3T3 Cells General Chemistry medicine.disease Infant Formula 0104 chemical sciences Amino acid Bioavailability Oxidative Stress medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Biochemistry Caco-2 Cells General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Oxidation-Reduction Oxidative stress 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 67:5634-5646 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5118 0021-8561 |
| Popis: | Proteins present in infant formulas are modified by oxidation and glycation during processing. Modified amino acid residues released from proteins may be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, and pose a health risk to infants. In this study, the markers of glycation furosine (1.7-3.5 μg per milligram of protein) and Ne-(carboxymethyl)lysine (28-81 ng per milligram of protein) were quantitated in infant formulas. The effects of these species, and other amino acid modifications, at the levels detected in infant formulas, on 3T3-L1 (murine preadipocyte) and Caco-2 (human intestinal epithelial) cells were assessed. Incubation of 3T3-L1 cells for 48 h with amino acid side chain oxidation and glycation products (1 and 10 μM) resulted in a loss (up to 40%, p < 0.05) of cell thiols and decreased metabolic activity compared with those of the controls. In contrast, Caco-2 cells showed a stimulation (10-50%, p < 0.05) of cellular metabolism on exposure to these products for 24 or 48 h. A 28% ( p < 0.05) increase in protein carbonyls was detected upon incubation with 200 μM modified amino acids for 48 h, although no alteration in transepithelial electrical resistance was detected. Oxidation products were detected in the basolateral compartments of Caco-2 monolayers when modified amino acids were applied to the apical side, consistent with limited permeability (up to 3.4%) across the monolayer. These data indicate that modified amino acids present in infant formulas can induce effects on different cell types, with evidence of bioavailability and induction of cellular stress. This may lead to potential health risks for infants consistently exposed to high levels of infant formulas. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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