Mycological Analysis and Multimycotoxins in Maize from Rural Subsistence Farmers in the Former Transkei, South Africa
| Autor: | Hester-Mari Burger, Michael Sulyok, Benedikt Warth, Lucia Gambacorta, Michele Solfrizzo, Rudolf Krska, Stephen P. Powers, John P. Rheeder, Gordon S. Shephard, Liana van der Westhuizen, Angelo Visconti |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Aflatoxin
Food Contamination Biology 01 natural sciences Zea mays Toxicology chemistry.chemical_compound South Africa 0404 agricultural biotechnology Tandem Mass Spectrometry Fumonisin Mycotoxin Zearalenone Ochratoxin Chromatography High Pressure Liquid 2. Zero hunger 010401 analytical chemistry Ms analysis Fungi Subsistence agriculture 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Chemistry Mycotoxins 040401 food science 0104 chemical sciences chemistry Agronomy General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Food contaminant |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 61 (2013): 8232–8240. doi:10.1021/jf4021762 info:cnr-pdr/source/autori:Gordon S. Shephard,*,+ Hester-Mari Burger,+ Lucia Gambacorta,? Rudolf Krska,§ Stephen P. Powers,# John P. Rheeder,+ Michele Solfrizzo,? Michael Sulyok,§ Angelo Visconti,? Benedikt Warth,§ and Liana van der Westhuizen+/titolo:Mycological analysis and multimycotoxins in maize from rural subsistence farmers in the former Transkei, South Africa/doi:10.1021%2Fjf4021762/rivista:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry/anno:2013/pagina_da:8232/pagina_a:8240/intervallo_pagine:8232–8240/volume:61 |
| ISSN: | 1520-5118 0021-8561 |
| DOI: | 10.1021/jf4021762 |
| Popis: | Maize harvested in the Centane region of the former Transkei, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa, by subsistence farmers has been shown over many seasons to be contaminated with fumonisin mycotoxins. However, there are limited data on the presence of other mycotoxins. Two multimycotoxin LC-MS/MS methods were applied to good and moldy maize samples, as separated by the farmers themselves from the 2011 harvest. One method involved extract cleanup on multitoxin immunoaffinity columns before LC-MS/MS analysis for aflatoxins, fumonisins, deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN), and T-2 and HT-2 toxins. The other method was based on a "dilute-and-shoot" approach for the above mycotoxins and a wide range of other fungal secondary metabolites. Both methods showed high incidences of fumonisins B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2) in good maize (100% for both by the first method, means were 2083 and 927 μg/kg for the two analogues; 93% for both by the second method, positive means of 2764 and 1050 μg/kg, respectively). All samples of moldy maize were contaminated (mean FB1 of 27.64 and 35.98 mg/kg, respectively; mean FB2 of 10.58 and 14.14 mg/kg, respectively). Comparison of the two methods for FB1 and FB2 over the entire range of samples gave R(2) values 0.9144 and 0.8859, respectively. Low levels of DON were found by both methods (positive means of 12 and 4.7 μg/kg in good maize, respectively, and of 14 and 5.8 μg/kg in moldy maize, respectively). ZEN was determined with positive means of 108 and 25 μg/kg in good maize, respectively, and of 111 and 135 μg/kg in moldy maize, respectively. No aflatoxins, OTA, or T-2 or HT-2 toxins were detected. A wide range of other Fusarium , Aspergillus , Alternaria , and Penicillium mycotoxins and secondary metabolites were determined. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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