Colonic transit time is a driven force of the gut microbiota composition and metabolism: In vitro evidence

Autor: Benoit Sion, William Tottey, David Feria-Gervasio, Jean-François Martin, Jean-Louis Sébédio, Nadia Gaci, Jean-François Jarrige, Monique Alric, Jean-François Brugère, Estelle Pujos, Brigitte Laillet
Přispěvatelé: EA 4678, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne), Unité de recherche sur les Biopolymères, Interactions Assemblages (BIA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Auvergne Council (FEDER), Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament ( CIDAM ), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé - Clermont Auvergne ( MEDIS ), Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ) -INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Unité de Nutrition Humaine ( UNH ), Clermont Université-Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Neuro-Dol - Clermont Auvergne ( Neuro-Dol ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Institut de France, Université d'Auvergne (Clermont Ferrand 1) (UdA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Brugère, Jean François, INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix-Université Clermont Auvergne ( UCA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I ( UdA ) -Clermont Université
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Metabolite
Population
Médecine humaine et pathologie
gut microbiome
Chemostat
Gut flora
digestive system
personne âgée
03 medical and health sciences
chemistry.chemical_compound
flore intestinale
Carbohydrate fermentation
Food and Nutrition
aging
colon
constipation
microbiological techniques
education
ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
senior citizens
education.field_of_study
biology
[ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]
Short-chain fatty acid
digestive
oral
and skin physiology
Gastroenterology
Metabolism
biology.organism_classification
In vitro
030104 developmental biology
chemistry
Biochemistry
Alimentation et Nutrition
Human health and pathology
Original Article
Neurology (clinical)
durée du transit
[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Zdroj: Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2017, 23 (1), pp.124-134. ⟨10.5056/jnm16042⟩
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2017, 23 (1), pp.124-134. 〈10.5056/jnm16042〉
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility, 2017, 23 (1), pp.124-134. ⟨10.5056/jnm16042⟩
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility 1 (23), 124-134. (2017)
ISSN: 2093-0879
2093-0887
Popis: Jean-François Brugère thanks bachelors’students for their help, more specifically Céline Vidal, Claire Ardaens,Adeline Régnier, and Amandine Maurin, and Sylvain Denis forhis valuable help concerning in vitro systems. In memory of GeorgeT MacFarlane (died in 2015) for all of his pioneering works on gut in vitro simulations systemsThis work was supported by the European Union (UE) through the Auvergne Council (FEDER) with a PhD and a postdoctoral Scholarship support respectively to William Tottey and to David Feria-Gervasio, and by a PhD scholarship support from the French "Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche" to Nadia Gaci; Background/Aims: Human gut microbiota harbors numerous metabolic properties essential for the host's health. Increased intestinal transit time affects a part of the population and is notably observed with human aging, which also corresponds to modifications of the gut microbiota. Thus we tested the metabolic and compositional changes of a human gut microbiota induced by an increased transit time simulated in vitro. Methods: The in vitro system, Environmental Control System for Intestinal Microbiota, was used to simulate the environmental conditions of 3 different anatomical parts of the human colon in a continuous process. The retention times of the chemostat conditions were established to correspond to a typical transit time of 48 hours next increased to 96 hours. The bacterial communities, short chain fatty acids and metabolite fingerprints were determined. Results: Increase of transit time resulted in a decrease of biomass and of diversity in the more distal compartments. Short chain fatty acid analyses and metabolite fingerprinting revealed increased activity corresponding to carbohydrate fermentation in the proximal compartments while protein fermentations were increased in the lower parts. Conclusions: This study provides the evidence that the increase of transit time, independently of other factors, affects the composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota. The transit time is one of the factors that explain some of the modifications seen in the gut microbiota of the elderly, as well as patients with slow transit time.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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