Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-induced bacterial perturbation contributes to altered host-bacterial co-metabolic phenotype
Autor: | Edward Lin, Stephen L. Atkin, Julian Marchesi, Ara Darzi, Matthew R. Lewis, Magali Sarafian, Paula Momo Cabrera, Elaine Holmes, Daniel Homola, Nigel J. Gooderham, Jia V. Li, Thanos Athanasiou, Nana Gletsu-Miller, Jeremy K. Nicholson, Laura Rushton, Hutan Ashrafian, Grace F. Barker, Thozhukat Sathyapalan |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Microbiology (medical)
medicine.medical_specialty Sleeve gastrectomy medicine.medical_treatment Gastric Bypass Gut flora Microbiology Microbial ecology Excretion 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Weight loss 1108 Medical Microbiology RNA Ribosomal 16S Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Microbiome 030304 developmental biology 2. Zero hunger Bariatric surgery 0303 health sciences Bacteria biology 0602 Ecology Research QR100-130 Metabolism biology.organism_classification Bile acids Host-microbial metabolism Metabolic profiling Obesity Morbid 3. Good health Phenotype Phenylacetylglutamine Endocrinology Phenylacetate chemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis medicine.symptom 0605 Microbiology |
Zdroj: | Microbiome Microbiome, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021) |
ISSN: | 2049-2618 |
Popis: | Background Bariatric surgery, used to achieve effective weight loss in individuals with severe obesity, modifies the gut microbiota and systemic metabolism in both humans and animal models. The aim of the current study was to understand better the metabolic functions of the altered gut microbiome by conducting deep phenotyping of bariatric surgery patients and bacterial culturing to investigate causality of the metabolic observations. Methods Three bariatric cohorts (n = 84, n = 14 and n = 9) with patients who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG) or laparoscopic gastric banding (LGB), respectively, were enrolled. Metabolic and 16S rRNA bacterial profiles were compared between pre- and post-surgery. Faeces from RYGB patients and bacterial isolates were cultured to experimentally associate the observed metabolic changes in biofluids with the altered gut microbiome. Results Compared to SG and LGB, RYGB induced the greatest weight loss and most profound metabolic and bacterial changes. RYGB patients showed increased aromatic amino acids-based host-bacterial co-metabolism, resulting in increased urinary excretion of 4-hydroxyphenylacetate, phenylacetylglutamine, 4-cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate, and increased faecal excretion of tyramine and phenylacetate. Bacterial degradation of choline was increased as evidenced by altered urinary trimethylamine-N-oxide and dimethylamine excretion and faecal concentrations of dimethylamine. RYGB patients’ bacteria had a greater capacity to produce tyramine from tyrosine, phenylalanine to phenylacetate and tryptophan to indole and tryptamine, compared to the microbiota from non-surgery, normal weight individuals. 3-Hydroxydicarboxylic acid metabolism and urinary excretion of primary bile acids, serum BCAAs and dimethyl sulfone were also perturbed following bariatric surgery. Conclusion Altered bacterial composition and metabolism contribute to metabolic observations in biofluids of patients following RYGB surgery. The impact of these changes on the functional clinical outcomes requires further investigation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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