Influence of Season, Occupancy Pattern, and Technology on Structure and Composition of Nitrifying and Denitrifying Bacterial Communities in Advanced Nitrogen-Removal Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems
| Autor: | José A. Amador, Alissa H. Cox, Sara Wigginton, George W. Loomis, Bianca N. Ross |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Denitrification
lcsh:Hydraulic engineering Geography Planning and Development Beta diversity 010501 environmental sciences Aquatic Science 01 natural sciences Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences Diversity index Denitrifying bacteria lcsh:Water supply for domestic and industrial purposes lcsh:TC1-978 biological nitrogen removal nosZ 030304 developmental biology 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology 0303 health sciences lcsh:TD201-500 denitrification Ecology Ammonia monooxygenase Onsite sewage facility nitrification Environmental science onsite wastewater treatment systems Alpha diversity Nitrification amoA |
| Zdroj: | Water Volume 12 Issue 9 Water, Vol 12, Iss 2413, p 2413 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4441 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w12092413 |
| Popis: | Advanced onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) use biological nitrogen removal (BNR) to mitigate the threat that N-rich wastewater poses to coastal waterbodies and groundwater. These systems lower the N concentration of effluent via sequential microbial nitrification and denitrification. We used high-throughput sequencing to evaluate the structure and composition of nitrifying and denitrifying bacterial communities in advanced N-removal OWTS, targeting the genes encoding ammonia monooxygenase (amoA) and nitrous oxide reductase (nosZ) present in effluent from 44 advanced systems. We used QIIME2 and the phyloseq package in R to examine differences in taxonomy and alpha and beta diversity as a function of advanced OWTS technology, occupancy pattern (seasonal vs. year-round use), and season (June vs. September). Richness and Shannon&rsquo s diversity index for amoA were significantly influenced by season, whereas technology influenced nosZ diversity significantly. Season also had a strong influence on differences in beta diversity among amoA communities, and had less influence on nosZ communities, whereas technology had a stronger influence on nosZ communities. Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas were the main genera of nitrifiers in advanced N-removal OWTS, and the predominant genera of denitrifiers included Zoogloea, Thauera, and Acidovorax. Differences in taxonomy for each gene generally mirrored those observed in diversity patterns, highlighting the possible importance of season and technology in shaping communities of amoA and nosZ, respectively. Knowledge gained from this study may be useful in understanding the connections between microbial communities and OWTS performance and may help manage systems in a way that maximizes N removal. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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