Nuclear Integrants of Organellar DNA Contribute to Genome Structure and Evolution in Plants

Autor: Hong-Xing Niu, Shu-Fen Li, Guo-Jun Zhang, Li-Na Lan, Ran Dong, Wu-Jun Gao
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine
DNA transfer
nuclear integrants of plastid DNA (NUPT)
DNA End-Joining Repair
Review
medicine.disease_cause
01 natural sciences
lcsh:Chemistry
chemistry.chemical_compound
Genome Size
Plastids
lcsh:QH301-705.5
Spectroscopy
Genetics
Mutation
Sex Chromosomes
DNA
Chloroplast
food and beverages
General Medicine
Plants
Computer Science Applications
Mitochondria
Numt
Genome
Plant
Mitochondrial DNA
Genome evolution
Nuclear gene
Biology
genome evolution
DNA
Mitochondrial
Catalysis
genome structure
Inorganic Chemistry
Evolution
Molecular
03 medical and health sciences
medicine
Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Molecular Biology
Gene
Cell Proliferation
Cell Nucleus
Organic Chemistry
Chromosome
030104 developmental biology
lcsh:Biology (General)
lcsh:QD1-999
chemistry
DNA
nuclear integrants of mitochondrial DNA (NUMT)
010606 plant biology & botany
Zdroj: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 21, Iss 3, p 707 (2020)
ISSN: 1422-0067
Popis: The transfer of genetic material from the mitochondria and plastid to the nucleus gives rise to nuclear integrants of mitochondrial DNA (NUMTs) and nuclear integrants of plastid DNA (NUPTs). This frequently occurring DNA transfer is ongoing and has important evolutionary implications. In this review, based on previous studies and the analysis of NUMT/NUPT insertions of more than 200 sequenced plant genomes, we analyzed and summarized the general features of NUMTs/NUPTs and highlighted the genetic consequence of organellar DNA insertions. The statistics of organellar DNA integrants among various plant genomes revealed that organellar DNA-derived sequence content is positively correlated with the nuclear genome size. After integration, the nuclear organellar DNA could undergo different fates, including elimination, mutation, rearrangement, fragmentation, and proliferation. The integrated organellar DNAs play important roles in increasing genetic diversity, promoting gene and genome evolution, and are involved in sex chromosome evolution in dioecious plants. The integrating mechanisms, involving non-homologous end joining at double-strand breaks were also discussed.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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