Neuronal DNA Methyltransferases: Epigenetic Mediators between Synaptic Activity and Gene Expression?
Autor: | Michael R. Kreutz, Gonca Bayraktar |
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Rok vydání: | 2017 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
neuroepigenetics Methyltransferase Epigenetics in learning and memory Reviews DNMT Biology Synaptic Transmission memory cytosine methylation DNA methylation neuropsychiatric disorders learning Epigenesis Genetic 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Animals Humans Epigenetics DNA Modification Methylases Epigenomics Neurons Regulation of gene expression General Neuroscience Brain Methylation 030104 developmental biology Gene Expression Regulation Synapses Synaptic plasticity Neurology (clinical) Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | The neuroscientist, Online First The Neuroscientist |
ISSN: | 1089-4098 1073-8584 |
Popis: | DNMT3A and 3B are the main de novo DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in the brain that introduce new methylation marks to non-methylated DNA in postmitotic neurons. DNA methylation is a key epigenetic mark that is known to regulate important cellular processes in neuronal development and brain plasticity. Accumulating evidence disclosed rapid and dynamic changes in DNA methylation of plasticity-relevant genes that are important for learning and memory formation. To understand how DNMTs contribute to brain function and how they are regulated by neuronal activity is a prerequisite for a deeper appreciation of activity-dependent gene expression in health and disease. This review discusses the functional role of de novo methyltransferases and in particular DNMT3A1 in the adult brain with special emphasis on synaptic plasticity, memory formation, and brain disorders. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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