Orbital apex syndrome as an unusual complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in HIV-positive young man: a case report
| Autor: | Khairy Shamel Sonny Teo, Nur Najwa Suhaifi, Saidatulakma Shariff, Tan Chai Keong, Akmal Haliza Zamli |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
hiv
medicine.medical_specialty genetic structures orbital apex syndrome Epidemiology business.industry viruses Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virus diseases herpes zoster ophthalmicus medicine.disease_cause Dermatology eye diseases Infectious Diseases Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus varicella zoster infection medicine Medicine sense organs business Complication Orbital apex Varicella Zoster Infection |
| Zdroj: | HIV & AIDS Review. International Journal of HIV-Related Problems, Vol 19, Iss 3, Pp 212-216 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 1730-1270 |
| Popis: | Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) is a neurocutaneous disease caused by reactivation of herpes zoster infection from latent phase after varicella infection in elderly population. It affects ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. Common ocular presentation includes conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, and keratitis. Orbital apex syndrome rarely occurs as a complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in young human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive men. A 20-year-old, recently diagnosed HIV-positive man, presented with vesicular skin rashes over right periorbital and forehead area, associated with right eye redness. He was treated as herpetic zoster ophthalmicus with oral antiviral (acyclovir). Three days later, he developed right eye ptosis, reduced visual acuity, anisocoria, and total ophthalmoplegia. An orbit magnetic resonance imaging showed swelling of all rectus muscles of right eye with right optic nerve perineural enhancement. Diagnosis of right eye herpes zoster ophthalmicus with orbital apex syndrome was established, and intravenous acyclovir was initiated. Systemic antiviral acyclovir continued for up to 10 days. Upon discharge, his ocular features improved; however, his visual impairment persisted. Orbital apex syndrome is a rare complication of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. This irreversible sight- threatening complication can be prevented by early diagnosis of HZO and immediate starting of antiviral treatment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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