Listening Difficulties in Children With Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: More Than a Problem of Audibility
Autor: | John C. Thorne, Susan A. McLaughlin, Adrian K. C. Lee, Tracy Jirikowic, Tiffany Waddington, Susan J Astley Hemingway |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Auditory perception
Male Linguistics and Language medicine.medical_specialty Hearing loss Fetal alcohol syndrome Audiology Language and Linguistics 03 medical and health sciences Speech and Hearing Fetal alcohol 0302 clinical medicine medicine Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Humans Active listening 030223 otorhinolaryngology Child Hearing Loss Retrospective Studies business.industry Cognition medicine.disease Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Prenatal alcohol exposure Child Preschool Auditory Perception Female medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
Zdroj: | Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR. 62(5) |
ISSN: | 1558-9102 |
Popis: | PurposeData from standardized caregiver questionnaires indicate that children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) frequently exhibit atypical auditory behaviors, including reduced responsivity to spoken stimuli. Another body of evidence suggests that prenatal alcohol exposure may result in auditory dysfunction involving loss of audibility (i.e., hearing loss) and/or impaired processing of clearly audible, “suprathreshold” sounds necessary for sound-in-noise listening. Yet, the nexus between atypical auditory behavior and underlying auditory dysfunction in children with FASDs remains largely unexplored.MethodTo investigate atypical auditory behaviors in FASDs and explore their potential physiological bases, we examined clinical data from 325 children diagnosed with FASDs at the University of Washington using the FASD 4-Digit Diagnostic Code. Atypical behaviors reported on the “auditory filtering” domain of the Short Sensory Profile were assessed to document their prevalence across FASD diagnoses and explore their relationship to reported hearing loss and/or central nervous system measures of cognition, attention, and language function that may indicate suprathreshold processing deficits.ResultsAtypical auditory behavior was reported among 80% of children with FASDs, a prevalence that did not vary by FASD diagnostic severity or hearing status but was positively correlated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In contrast, hearing loss was documented in the clinical records of 40% of children with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS; a diagnosis on the fetal alcohol spectrum characterized by central nervous system dysfunction, facial dysmorphia, and growth deficiency), 16-fold more prevalent than for those with less severe FASDs (2.4%). Reported hearing loss was significantly associated with physical features characteristic of FAS.ConclusionChildren with FAS but not other FASDs may be at a particular risk for hearing loss. However, listening difficulties in the absence of hearing loss—presumably related to suprathreshold processing deficits—are prevalent across the entire fetal alcohol spectrum. The nature and impact of both listening difficulties and hearing loss in FASDs warrant further investigation. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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