The effects of simulated transportation conditions on the core body and extremity temperature, blood physiology, and behavior of white-strain layer pullets
| Autor: | S. Lalonde, Karen Schwean-Lardner, Trever G. Crowe, K. Beaulac |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Randomized block design
Transportation Management and Production Animal Welfare Body Temperature heat stress 03 medical and health sciences Random Allocation Animal science Animals Cold stress 030304 developmental biology lcsh:SF1-1100 0303 health sciences Core (anatomy) thermoregulation Strain (chemistry) Behavior Animal Chemistry hematology 0402 animal and dairy science Temperature Extremities Humidity 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences General Medicine Blood physiology Thermoregulation Blood Physiological Phenomena 040201 dairy & animal science Heat stress welfare cold stress Animal Science and Zoology Female lcsh:Animal culture Chickens |
| Zdroj: | Poultry Science, Vol 100, Iss 2, Pp 697-706 (2021) Poultry Science |
| ISSN: | 0032-5791 |
| Popis: | Transportation of poultry is stressful. The transportation of broilers has been well studied, while the transportation of layer pullets from rearing to laying facilities has not been thoroughly evaluated. This experiment aimed to establish the effects of temperature (T)/RH combinations and duration (D) of transport, via a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement of simulated transport conditions using 5 T/RH combinations (21°C with 30% RH [21/30], 21°C with 80% RH [21/80], 30°C with 30% RH [30/30], 30°C with 80% RH [30/80], and −15°C with uncontrolled RH [−15]), and 2 exposure D (4 or 8 h). Pullets (18–19 wk; n = 240) were obtained from 3 commercial farms (N = 3 farms). Pretreatment, birds were orally administered a miniature data logger to record core body temperature (CBT), an initial blood sample was taken (5 birds/replicate), and initial foot T was recorded. Behavior during exposure was video recorded. Following exposure, a final blood sample was taken (analyzed for heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, partial pressure of CO2, total CO2, bicarbonate, and glucose), birds were slaughtered, and data loggers were retrieved. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design via Proc Mixed (SAS 9.4) and significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. There were no interactions observed for the T/RH and D combinations throughout the study. The CBT and foot T were lowest in pullets exposed to −15 compared with all other treatments. Foot T was also highest in pullets exposed to 30/80 compared with −15, 21/30, and 21/80. There was no impact of T/RH on pullet blood physiology. Activity and thermoregulatory behaviors were impacted by the T/RH combinations. Pullets exposed to 30/30 and 30/80 spent the most time panting. Pullets exposed to 30/80 also spent the least amount of time motionless. Duration had minor impacts on pullet CBT, blood physiology, and behavior. These data indicate that as a response to thermal stress, layer pullets were successful at implementing mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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