The Immune System through the Lens of Alcohol Intake and Gut Microbiota
| Autor: | Kora-Mareen Bühler, Javier Calleja-Conde, Elena Giné, Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca, José Antonio López-Moreno, Lucía Segovia-Rodríguez, José A. Morales-García, Victor Echeverry-Alzate, Pedro Durán-González |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Ministerio de Sanidad (España), European Commission, Instituto de Salud Carlos III |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Alcohol Drinking QH301-705.5 brain Review Disease Biology Gut flora liver digestive system Catalysis Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Immune system microbiota medicine Endocrinología Animals Humans Biology (General) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry QD1-999 Molecular Biology Spectroscopy Organism Inflammation alcohol Organic Chemistry dysbiosis General Medicine medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Psicología Gastrointestinal Microbiome Computer Science Applications Chemistry immune system 030104 developmental biology Nutrición Immunology Dysbiosis gut Alcohol intake 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Homeostasis Bacteria |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 7485, p 7485 (2021) International Journal of Molecular Sciences E-Prints Complutense. Archivo Institucional de la UCM instname |
| Popis: | © 2021 by the authors. The human gut is the largest organ with immune function in our body, responsible for regulating the homeostasis of the intestinal barrier. A diverse, complex and dynamic population of microorganisms, called microbiota, which exert a significant impact on the host during homeostasis and disease, supports this role. In fact, intestinal bacteria maintain immune and metabolic homeostasis, protecting our organism against pathogens. The development of numerous inflammatory disorders and infections has been linked to altered gut bacterial composition or dysbiosis. Multiple factors contribute to the establishment of the human gut microbiota. For instance, diet is considered as one of the many drivers in shaping the gut microbiota across the lifetime. By contrast, alcohol is one of the many factors that disrupt the proper functioning of the gut, leading to a disruption of the intestinal barrier integrity that increases the permeability of the mucosa, with the final result of a disrupted mucosal immunity. This damage to the permeability of the intestinal membrane allows bacteria and their components to enter the blood tissue, reaching other organs such as the liver or the brain. Although chronic heavy drinking has harmful effects on the immune system cells at the systemic level, this review focuses on the effect produced on gut, brain and liver, because of their significance in the link between alcohol consumption, gut microbiota and the immune system. This work was supported by National Plan on Drug Abuse, Ministerio de Sanidad of Spain (grant PNSD2018-050 to J.A.L.M.), the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Red de Trastornos Adictivos, FEDER, RD16/0017/0008 to J.A.L.M.; RD16/0017/0001 to F.R.D.F.) and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Sara Borrell research contract CD17/00125 to V.E.A.). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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