Genetic integrity is still maintained in natural populations of the indigenous wild apple species Malus sylvestris (Mill.) in Saxony as demonstrated with nuclear SSR and chloroplast DNA markers
| Autor: | Anke Proft, Monika Höfer, Stefanie Reim, Frank Lochschmidt |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
haplotypes Biology 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Analysis of molecular variance microsatellites Gene flow 03 medical and health sciences food chloroplast DNA Botany Malus sylvestris European wild apple Domestication hybridization Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics QH540-549.5 030304 developmental biology Nature and Landscape Conservation Hybrid 0303 health sciences Genetic diversity Ecology fungi food.food species delimitation Genetic structure Microsatellite |
| Zdroj: | Ecology and Evolution, Vol 10, Iss 20, Pp 11798-11809 (2020) |
| ISSN: | 2045-7758 |
| Popis: | Malus sylvestris (Mill.) is the only indigenous wild apple species in Central Europe. Agriculture, forestry, and urbanization increasingly endanger Malus sylvestris natural habitats. In addition, the risks of cross‐hybridization associated with increase in the cultivation of the domesticated apple Malus × domestica (Borkh.) threaten the genetic integrity of M. sylvestris. The present study investigated the number of hybrids, genetic diversity, and genetic structure of 292 putative M. sylvestris that originate from five different natural M. sylvestris populations in Saxony, Germany. All samples were genetically analyzed using nine nuclear microsatellite markers (ncSSR) and four maternally inherited chloroplast markers (cpDNA) along with 56 apple cultivars commonly cultivated in Saxony. Eighty‐seven percent of the wild apple accessions were identified as pure M. sylvestris. The cpDNA analysis showed six private haplotypes for M. sylvestris, whereas three haplotypes were present in M. sylvestris and M. × domestica. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) resulted in a moderate (ncSSR) and great (cpDNA) variation among pure M. sylvestris and M. × domestica individuals indicating a low gene flow between both species. The genetic diversity within the pure M. sylvestris populations was high with a weak genetic structure between the M. sylvestris populations indicating an unrestricted genetic exchange between these M. sylvestris populations. The clear distinguishing of M. sylvestris and M. ×domestica confirms our expectation of the existence of pure M. sylvestris accessions in this area and supports the argument for the implementation of preservation measures to protect the M. sylvestris populations in Saxony. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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