Ambient fine particulate matter air pollution and the risk of hospitalization among COVID-19 positive individuals: Cohort study

Autor: Richard T. Burnett, Aaron van Donkelaar, Yan Xie, Benjamin Bowe, Miao Cai, Randall V. Martin, Ziyad Al-Aly, Andrew K. Gibson
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
NDVI
Normalized difference vegetation index
VA
Department of Veterans Affairs
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences
010501 environmental sciences
01 natural sciences
Cohort Studies
Interquartile range
Pandemic
Health care
Medicine
GE1-350
General Environmental Science
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019
education.field_of_study
Air Pollutants
AOD
Aerosol Optical Depth
SCHIF
Shape Constrained Health Impact Function algorithm
Hospitalization
Quartile
symbols
Cohort study
ADI
Area deprivation index
CDW
Corporate Data Warehouse
Population
Air pollution
RR
Relative risk
CSDR
COVID-19 Shared Data Resource
complex mixtures
Article
Severity
CI
Confidence intervals
symbols.namesake
PSSG
Planning Systems Support Group
CDC
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Humans
MAPLE
Mortality–Air Pollution Associations in Low-Exposure Environments
Poisson regression
PM2.5
Ambient fine particulate matter air pollution
education
Veterans Affairs
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
CHR
County Health Rankings
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
IQR
Interquartile range
Environmental Exposure
United States
COVID-19 outcomes
Environmental sciences
NOAA
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Particulate Matter
Ambient fine particulate matter
business
Demography
Zdroj: Environment International, Vol 154, Iss, Pp 106564-(2021)
Environment International
ISSN: 0160-4120
Popis: BACKGROUND: Ecologic analyses suggest that living in areas with higher levels of ambient fine particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5) is associated with higher risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes. Studies accounting for individual-level health characteristics are lacking. METHODS: We leveraged the breadth and depth of the US Department of Veterans Affairs national healthcare databases and built a national cohort of 169,102 COVID-19 positive United States Veterans, enrolled between March 2, 2020 and January 31, 2021, and followed them through February 15, 2021. Annual average 2018 PM2.5 exposure, at an approximately 1 km2 resolution, was linked with residential street address at the year prior to COVID-19 positive test. COVID-19 hospitalization was defined as first hospital admission between 7 days prior to, and 15 days after, the first COVID-19 positive date. Adjusted Poisson regression assessed the association of PM2.5 with risk of hospitalization. RESULTS: There were 25,422 (15.0%) hospitalizations; 5,448 (11.9%), 5,056 (13.0%), 7,159 (16.1%), and 7,759 (19.4%) were in the lowest to highest PM2.5 quartile, respectively. In models adjusted for State, demographic and behavioral factors, contextual characteristics, and characteristics of the pandemic a one interquartile range increase in PM2.5 (1.9 µg/m3) was associated with a 10% (95% CI: 8%-12%) increase in risk of hospitalization. The association of PM2.5 and risk of hospitalization among COVID-19 individuals was present in each wave of the pandemic. Models of non-linear exposure-response suggested increased risk at PM2.5 concentrations below the national standard 12 µg/m3. Formal effect modification analyses suggested higher risk of hospitalization associated with PM2.5 in Black people compared to White people (p = 0.045), and in those living in socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods (p
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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