Default mode network modulation by mentalizing in young adults with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia

Autor: Kevin A. Pelphrey, Liron Rabany, Christopher J. Hyatt, Brian Pittman, Silvia Corbera, Morris D. Bell, Godfrey D. Pearlson, Vince D. Calhoun, Michal Assaf
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Adult
Psychosis
Posterior cingulate cortex
Adolescent
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Cognitive Neuroscience
Temporoparietal junction
Precuneus
Research domain criteria
lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
behavioral disciplines and activities
lcsh:RC346-429
050105 experimental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Mentalization
mental disorders
Social functioning
medicine
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Radiology
Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Prefrontal cortex
lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Default mode network
Brain Mapping
05 social sciences
Default Mode Network
Regular Article
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
medicine.anatomical_structure
Neurology
Autism spectrum disorder
Schizophrenia
Posterior cingulate
lcsh:R858-859.7
Neurology (clinical)
Psychology
Neuroscience
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Zdroj: NeuroImage : Clinical
NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 27, Iss, Pp 102343-(2020)
ISSN: 2213-1582
Popis: Highlights • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) & schizophrenia (SZ) have mentalizing deficits. • Spatially constrained ICA reveals shared deficits in mentalizing default mode activity. • Mentalizing-related temporoparietal junction activity correlated with ADOS scores in ASD. • Mentalizing-related precuneus activity correlated with tendency to fantasize in SZ. • Both categorical and RDoC approaches to study neural deficits in SZ & ASD are supported.
Schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are nosologically distinct neurodevelopmental disorders with similar deficits in social cognition, including the ability to form mental representations of others (i.e., mentalizing). However, the extent of patient deficit overlap in underlying neural mechanisms is unclear. Our goal was to examine deficits in mentalizing task-related (MTR) activity modulation in schizophrenia and ASD and the relationship of such deficits with social functioning and psychotic symptoms in patients. Adults, ages 18–34, diagnosed with either ASD or schizophrenia, and typically developed controls (n = 30/group), performed an interactive functional MRI Domino task. Using independent component analysis, we analyzed game intervals known to stimulate mentalizing in the default mode network (DMN), i.e., medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), precuneus, and temporoparietal junction (TPJ), for group differences in MTR activity and associations between MTR activity and social and psychosis measures. Compared to controls, both schizophrenia and ASD groups showed MTR activity deficits in PCC and TPJ. In TPJ and MPFC, MTR activity modulation was associated with social communication impairments only in ASD. In precuneus, MTR activity was associated with increased self-reported fantasizing only in schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, we found no indication of over-mentalizing activity or an association between MTR activity and psychotic symptoms. Results suggest shared neural deficits between ASD and schizophrenia in mentalizing-associated DMN regions; however, neural organization might correspond to different dimensional social deficits. Our results therefore indicate the importance of examining both categorical-clinical diagnosis and social functioning dimensional constructs when examining neural deficits in schizophrenia and ASD.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: