A 28-nm-CMOS Based 145-GHz FMCW Radar: System, Circuits, and Characterization
| Autor: | Claude Desset, Thomas Gielen, Piet Wambacq, Kristof Vaesen, Anirudh Kankuppe, Siddhartha Sinha, Miguel Glassee, Akshay Visweswaran, Andre Bourdoux |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratorium for Micro- and Photonelectronics, Electronics and Informatics, Faculty of Engineering |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
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02 engineering and technology Noise figure 01 natural sciences Noise (electronics) Radar detection law.invention law Chirp Radar antennas Radio frequency 0103 physical sciences 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering Electrical and Electronic Engineering Radar Center frequency on-chip antennas 010302 applied physics Physics gesture recognition business.industry Electrical engineering 020206 networking & telecommunications frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) Continuous-wave radar Broadband antennas Intermediate frequency CMOS D-band (110-170 GHz) link budget business leakage neutralization radar |
| Zdroj: | IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 56:1975-1993 |
| ISSN: | 1558-173X 0018-9200 |
| DOI: | 10.1109/jssc.2020.3041153 |
| Popis: | This article presents frequency-modulated-continuous-wave (FMCW) radars developed for the detection of vital signs and gestures using two generations of 145-GHz transceivers (TRXs) integrated in 28-nm bulk CMOS. The performance and limitations of high-frequency radars are quantified with a system-level study, and the design and performance of individual circuit blocks are presented in detail. A 145-GHz center frequency and radar operation over an RF bandwidth of 10 GHz yield a displacement responsivity of 2 $\pi $ rad/mm and a windowed range resolution of 30 mm, respectively. Radar operation over a 0.1–7 m range is enabled by an effective-isotropic radiated power of 11.5 dBm and a noise figure of 8 dB. The ICs feature frequency multiplication by 9 in the transmit and receive paths, sub-arrayed dipole antennas, and neutralization of TX–RX leakage via delay control. A single TRX dissipates 500 mW from a 0.9-/1.8-V drive. The use of fast chirps (5–30- $\mu \text{s}$ ) mitigates the effect of 1/ $f$ -noise at the intermediate frequency (IF). Extensive characterization results showcase state-of-the-art performance of the TRXs, while the code-domain multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) radars ( $1 \times 4$ and $4 \times 4$ ) built with them demonstrate vital-sign and gesture detections. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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