Of Mice and Men: The Coronavirus MHV and Mouse Models as a Translational Approach to Understand SARS-CoV-2

Autor: Miguel A. Alejandre Alcazar, Esther Mahabir, Robert Walter Körner, Mohamed Majjouti
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
mouse hepatitis virus (MHV)
0301 basic medicine
viruses
Pneumonia
Viral
lcsh:QR1-502
Review
Virus Replication
medicine.disease_cause
Host Specificity
lcsh:Microbiology
Pathogenesis
Betacoronavirus
Mice
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Mouse hepatitis virus
Virology
Pandemic
medicine
Animals
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
skin and connective tissue diseases
Pandemics
Coronavirus
Murine hepatitis virus
biology
SARS-CoV-2
Transmission (medicine)
business.industry
fungi
COVID-19
virus diseases
Virus Internalization
biochemical phenomena
metabolism
and nutrition
biology.organism_classification
Disease Models
Animal
030104 developmental biology
Infectious Diseases
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
Viral replication
Humanized mouse
viral infection
Coronavirus Infections
business
Zdroj: Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 880, p 880 (2020)
Viruses
ISSN: 1999-4915
Popis: The fatal acute respiratory coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020, infection and mortality rates have been rising steadily worldwide. The lack of a vaccine, as well as preventive and therapeutic strategies, emphasize the need to develop new strategies to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission and pathogenesis. Since mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and SARS-CoV-2 share a common genus, lessons learnt from MHV and SARS-CoV could offer mechanistic insights into SARS-CoV-2. This review provides a comprehensive review of MHV in mice and SARS-CoV-2 in humans, thereby highlighting further translational avenues in the development of innovative strategies in controlling the detrimental course of SARS-CoV-2. Specifically, we have focused on various aspects, including host species, organotropism, transmission, clinical disease, pathogenesis, control and therapy, MHV as a model for SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 as well as mouse models for infection with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. While MHV in mice and SARS-CoV-2 in humans share various similarities, there are also differences that need to be addressed when studying murine models. Translational approaches, such as humanized mouse models are pivotal in studying the clinical course and pathology observed in COVID-19 patients. Lessons from prior murine studies on coronavirus, coupled with novel murine models could offer new promising avenues for treatment of COVID-19.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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