Advances and future directions in HIV surveillance in low- and middle-income countries
| Autor: | Theresa Diaz, Keith Sabin, Peter D. Ghys, Jesus M Garcia-Calleja |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Immunology
Population Surveillance Methods HIV Infections Microbial Sensitivity Tests Hiv testing Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Virology Environmental health medicine Humans education Developing Countries Hiv surveillance education.field_of_study Oncology (nursing) business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Hematology medicine.disease Infectious Diseases Oncology Rural area business Sentinel Surveillance HIV drug resistance |
| Zdroj: | Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS. 4:253-259 |
| ISSN: | 1746-630X |
| DOI: | 10.1097/coh.0b013e32832c1898 |
| Popis: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To present recent advances in HIV/AIDS surveillance methods in low- and middle-income countries. RECENT FINDINGS: From 2001 to 2008 30 low- and middle-income countries implemented national population-based surveys with HIV testing. Antenatal clinic HIV sentinel surveillance sites in sub-Saharan Africa increased from just over 1000 in 2003-2004 to almost 2500 in 2005-2006 becoming more representative of rural areas. Between 2003 and 2007 at least 122 behavioral surveys in low- and middle-income countries used respondent-driven sampling for surveillance among high-risk populations although many countries with concentrated epidemics continue to have major sentinel surveillance gaps. Improvements have been made in modeling estimates of number of persons HIV infected and systems are now in place to measure HIV drug resistance. However the reliable monitoring of trends and the measuring of HIV incidence morbidity and mortality is still a challenge. SUMMARY: In the past 5 years there have been substantial improvements in the quantity and quality of HIV surveillance studies especially in the countries with high prevalence. Further efforts should be made in countries that lack fully implemented surveillance systems to improve HIV incidence morbidity and mortality surveillance and to use data more effectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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