Does plant richness alter multitrophic soil food web and promote plant-parasitic nematode regulation in banana agroecosystems?
| Autor: | Charlotte Poeydebat, Philippe Tixier, Randall Vargas, Marie Odette Daribo, Luc De Lapeyre de Bellaire, Dominique Carval, Christian Chabrier |
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| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Nematoda Helicotylenchus multicinctus Gestion intégrée des ravageurs 01 natural sciences Interactions biologiques Abundance (ecology) Radopholus similis Nématode des plantes Ecology biology Flore food and beverages 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Food web Agroécosystème Prédation Pratylenchus coffeae Biodiversité Micro-organisme du sol P33 - Chimie et physique du sol Écologie Meloidogyne Soil Science 010603 evolutionary biology Régime alimentaire Soil food web Propriété physicochimique du sol fungi P34 - Biologie du sol Musa Modèle de simulation Plant community biology.organism_classification H10 - Ravageurs des plantes Agronomy 040103 agronomy & agriculture 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Species richness |
| Zdroj: | Applied Soil Ecology |
| ISSN: | 0929-1393 |
| Popis: | Agroecosystem plant diversification at the field scale has been shown to enhance ecological pest regulation. We explored the effects of plant community composition and soil properties on the soil nematode community, with a particular interest in the regulation of banana plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN). We monitored banana phytometers (Cavendish Grande Naine cultivar) in 85 plots distributed along a plant richness gradient. Plant community composition, soil properties, abundance of bacterivorous, fungivorous and proportion of predaceous soil free-living nematodes, and abundance and damage of PPN ( Radopholus similis , Pratylenchus coffeae , Helicotylenchus multicinctus , and Meloidogyne spp.) in phytometer roots were measured. We used structural equation modeling to investigate ecological processes leading to PPN regulation. Low-stratum plant species richness, but not high-stratum, was positively related to microbivore nematode abundances, supposedly because it promoted qualitative diversity of organic inputs and micro-climatic effects supporting more soil microorganisms. Musa genotype and low-stratum plant species richness induced associational susceptibility because of differential susceptibility of Musa genotypes to PPN and because of polyphagia of PPN spreading outside the Musa family, respectively. We found no regulation of PPN by predaceous nematodes, probably because food web complexity prevented trophic cascades from propagating. Ultimately, fungivorous nematode abundance was negatively related to PPN abundance, suggesting apparent competition or increased regulation by antagonistic fungi. Our results suggest that, when facing generalist pests, cropped plant communities should be diversified to promote pest regulation but must be carefully assembled to limit pest susceptibility heterogeneity among crop genotypes and to exclude alternative host plant species. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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