Burden of Disease Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution and Premature Mortality in Urban Areas: The Role of Socioeconomic Status and Transportation
| Autor: | Soheil Sohrabi, Joe Zietsman, Haneen Khreis |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Urban Population socioeconomic inequities Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis air pollution Air pollution lcsh:Medicine Disease 010501 environmental sciences burden of disease medicine.disease_cause 01 natural sciences complex mixtures Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cost of Illness Urbanization Environmental health medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Cities Socioeconomic status Air quality index 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Aged Air Pollutants united states business.industry Mortality Premature Mortality rate Public health lcsh:R Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health road traffic Environmental Exposure Middle Aged Texas attributable deaths Social Class Environmental Risk Factor Particulate Matter business premature deaths |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 17, Iss 4, p 1166 (2020) International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Volume 17 Issue 4 |
| ISSN: | 1660-4601 |
| Popis: | With recent rapid urbanization, sustainable development is required to prevent health risks associated with adverse environmental exposures from the unsustainable development of cities. Ambient air pollution is the greatest environmental risk factor for human health and is responsible for considerable levels of mortality worldwide. Burden of disease assessment (BoD) of air pollution in and across cities, and how these estimates vary according to socioeconomic status and exposure to road traffic, can help city planners and health practitioners to mitigate adverse exposures and promote public health. In this study, we quantified the health impacts of air pollution exposure (PM2.5 and NO2) at the census tract level in Houston, Texas, employing a standard BoD assessment framework to estimate the premature deaths (adults 30 to 78 years old) attributable to PM2.5 and NO2. We found that 631 (95% CI: 366&ndash 809) premature deaths were attributable to PM2.5 in Houston, and 159 (95% CI: 0-609) were attributable to NO2, in 2010. Complying with the World Health Organization air quality guidelines (annual mean: 10 &mu g/m3 for PM2.5) and the US National Ambient Air Quality standard (annual mean: 12 &mu g/m3 for PM2.5) could save 82 (95% CI: 42&ndash 95) and 8 (95% CI: 6&ndash 10) lives in Houston, respectively. PM2.5 was responsible for 7.3% of all-cause premature deaths in Houston, in 2010, which is higher than the death rate associated with diabetes mellites, Alzheimer&rsquo s disease, or motor vehicle crashes in the US. Households with lower income had a higher risk of adverse exposure and attributable premature deaths. We also showed a positive relationship between health impacts attributable to air pollution and road traffic passing through census tracts, which was more prominent for NO2. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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