Prevalence and associated risk factors of HIV in prisons in Balochistan, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study
| Autor: | Ahmad Wali, Razia Fatima, Muhammad Dawood Khan, Aashifa Yaqoob, Shoaib Aziz |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Cross-sectional study 030508 substance abuse HIV Infections Prison 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors Mass Screening Pakistan risk-factors 030212 general & internal medicine General Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics media_common education.field_of_study Transmission (medicine) virus diseases Articles General Medicine Middle Aged AIDS 0305 other medical science Research Article Adult Sexual transmission Adolescent media_common.quotation_subject prevalence Population behavioral disciplines and activities General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Environmental health mental disorders medicine Humans education Aged Needle sharing Extramarital sex General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Prisoners HIV medicine.disease Cross-Sectional Studies Prisons business |
| Zdroj: | F1000Research |
| ISSN: | 2046-1402 |
| DOI: | 10.12688/f1000research.16994.2 |
| Popis: | Background: The prevalence of HIV is 0.1% in Pakistan, with epidemicity in high-risk groups. The infection is on verge of transmission from key populations to the general population through people who inject drugs and sexual transmission. Prisoners are vulnerable to infectious diseases like HIV. This study was conducted in four prisons in Balochistan. Pakistan to determine the prevalence of HIV and associated risk factors. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted from March to June 2018, in the prisons of Balochistan. WHO-approved rapid diagnostic kits were used for determining the prevalence of HIV and structured interviews were conducted for the assessment of risk factors. Results: Out of 2084 screened prisoners, 33 (1.6%) were found to be positive. A subset of 104 interviews were analysed for risk factors of HIV. Among HIV-infected prisoners 68.8% (OR 4.48; 95% CI 1.41-14.2) had extramarital sex, 43.8% (OR 2.09 95% CI 0.69-6.28) had homosexual experience, and 50% had history of needle sharing (OR 43; 95% CI 7.77-237). About 94% (OR 16.42; 95% CI 2.09-129.81) of prisoners had history of drug addiction of any type while 50% (OR 13; 95% CI 2.82-60.01) of those infected with HIV had a history of using injectable drugs. Around 75% of HIV-infected prisoners had spent 1-5 years in prison, and 25% had spent more than 10 years. Conclusion: The high prevalence of HIV in prisons of Balochistan demands that preventive and treatment strategies should be designed and implemented carefully, allowing early diagnosis and treatment initiation to minimize the spread of infection among the prisons and ultimately their onward transmission into the community. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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