Mind and body: Psychophysiological profiles of instructional and motivational self‐talk

Autor: James Hardy, Germano Gallicchio, Christopher Ring, Andrew Cooke, Eduardo Bellomo
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Adult
Male
Mind–body problem
Cognitive Neuroscience
Control (management)
Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
050105 experimental psychology
Task (project management)
Electrocardiography
Random Allocation
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Developmental Neuroscience
Radial error
Heart Rate
Parietal Lobe
Neural Pathways
Humans
0501 psychology and cognitive sciences
Biological Psychiatry
Motivation
Endocrine and Autonomic Systems
Mechanism (biology)
General Neuroscience
05 social sciences
Brain
Electroencephalography
Biomechanical Phenomena
Frontal Lobe
Test (assessment)
Alpha Rhythm
Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology
Neurology
Action (philosophy)
Motor Skills
Golf
Female
Psychology
Psychomotor Performance
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Psychophysiology
Cognitive psychology
Intrapersonal communication
Zdroj: Psychophysiology. 57
ISSN: 1469-8986
0048-5772
Popis: Self-talk is a psychological skill that benefits motor performance by controlling and organizing performers' thoughts. While the behavioral effects of self-talk are clear, research on the mechanisms underpinning the effects of different modes of self-talk is sparse. To address this issue, we propose and test a psychophysiological model of the effects of self-talk on motor performance. Forty golf novices practiced a golf putting task while using either instructional or motivational self-talk preceding each putt. We measured performance (radial error), technique (club kinematics and muscle activity), cardiac activity (heart-rate and event-related heart-rate change), as well as electroencephalographic alpha power and connectivity in a randomized (group: instructional self-talk, motivational self-talk) experimental design. Instructional self-talk promoted superior technique and was associated with greater parietal alpha power and weaker connectivity between frontal and parietal electrodes and all other scalp sites, possibly indicative of increased top-down control of action. These findings provide initial evidence for an information-processing mechanism underlying the benefits of instructional self-talk. They also cast doubt on the validity of left-frontotemporal connectivity as a measure of verbal-analytic processing during motor tasks. Motivational self-talk led to increased heart-rate and reduced event-related heart rate variability, suggesting an effort-based mechanism to explain the benefits of motivational self-talk. Our study represents the most complete multi-measure investigation of self-talk to date. We hope that our psychophysiological model of self-talk will encourage researchers to move beyond the exclusive reliance on behavioral and self-report measures to discover the mechanisms underlying the benefits of self-talk for performance.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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