Insight into the wild origin, migration and domestication history of the fine flavour Nacional Theobroma cacao L. variety from Ecuador

Autor: Olivier Fouet, Xavier Argout, Freddy Amores, Arnaud Lemainque, Michel Boccara, Claire Lanaud, Brigitte Courtois, Sylvana Pavek, Ange-Marie Risterucci, Rey Gaston Loor Solorzano
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2012
Předmět:
Germplasm
Flaveur
Theobroma
Origin of Life
Population genetics
lcsh:Medicine
Plant Science
Plant Genetics
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
Trees
Domestication
Plante sauvage
Marqueur génétique
lcsh:Science
History
Ancient
History
15th Century
Genetics
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
Geography
Ecology
History
19th Century
Agriculture
F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie
Biodiversity
Plants
Biological Evolution
Provenance
Gene pool
Ecuador
Research Article
Crops
Agricultural
Genetic Markers
Genotype
Distribution géographique
Population
Crops
Rural history
Biology
Fruits
Theobroma cacao
education
Alleles
Ecotype
Histoire naturelle
Cacao
Evolutionary Biology
lcsh:R
Genetic Variation
biology.organism_classification
Genetic Loci
Odorants
Genetic Polymorphism
lcsh:Q
History of Ecuador
Population Genetics
Microsatellite Repeats
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 11, p e48438 (2012)
PLoS ONE
PloS One
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: Ecuador's economic history has been closely linked to Theobroma cacao L cultivation, and specifically to the native fine flavour Nacional cocoa variety. The original Nacional cocoa trees are presently in danger of extinction due to foreign germplasm introductions. In a previous work, a few non-introgressed Nacional types were identified as potential founders of the modern Ecuadorian cocoa population, but so far their origin could not be formally identified. In order to determine the putative centre of origin of Nacional and trace its domestication history, we used 80 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to analyse the relationships between these potential Nacional founders and 169 wild and cultivated cocoa accessions from South and Central America. The highest genetic similarity was observed between the Nacional pool and some wild genotypes from the southern Amazonian region of Ecuador, sampled along the Yacuambi, Nangaritza and Zamora rivers in Zamora Chinchipe province. This result was confirmed by a parentage analysis. Based on our results and on data about pre- Columbian civilization and Spanish colonization history of Ecuador, we determined, for the first time, the possible centre of origin and migration events of the Nacional variety from the Amazonian area until its arrival in the coastal provinces. As large unexplored forest areas still exist in the southern part of the Ecuadorian Amazonian region, our findings could provide clues as to where precious new genetic resources could be collected, and subsequently used to improve the flavour and disease resistance of modern Ecuadorian cocoa varieties.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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