Translational Research: A Future Strategy for Managing Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck?
| Autor: | Roberto Manzo, L Leopaldi, Salvatore Pisconti, Francesco Perri, Francesco Longo, R. Addeo, Paolo Muto, G Della Vittoria Scarpati, F. Ionna, Francesco Caponigro |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Cancer Research
Alcohol Drinking medicine.medical_treatment medicine.disease_cause Translational Research Biomedical 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine CDKN2A Tobacco Smoking medicine Animals Humans Epidermal growth factor receptor Papillomaviridae 030304 developmental biology Pharmacology 0303 health sciences Chemotherapy biology Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck business.industry Wild type Disease Management Induction chemotherapy Radiation therapy stomatognathic diseases Smokeless tobacco Head and Neck Neoplasms 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Mutation Cancer research biology.protein Molecular Medicine Carcinogenesis business |
| Zdroj: | Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 18:1220-1227 |
| ISSN: | 1871-5206 |
| Popis: | Background: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) are neoplasms arising from the epithelium of the first aero-digestive tract. They are very heterogeneous both clinically and biologically. Classic and well acknowledged risk factors are alcohol and tobacco consumption and other forms of smokeless tobacco assumption, although lately the incidence of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)-related SCCHN is rapidly increasing. HPV-related tumors are very different from their alcohol and tobacco-associated counterpart, as they show strong chemo and radio sensitivity and thus can often be treated with conservative treatment strategies. Moreover, peculiar biologic features characterize HPV-related tumors, such as wild type TP53, low expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), wild type CCND1 and high expression of P16. In contrast, alcohol and tobacco related SCCHN show opposite features, together with higher number of chromosomal and genetic abnormalities, conferring them chemo and radio resistance. Methods: We have performed a narrative review of the PubMed database with the aim to study the mutational landscape of SCCHN. Results: Several lines of evidence support the existence of at least two genetically different types of SCCHN, one virus-related and the other alcohol and/or tobacco-related, characterized by both clinical and biological opposite features. Virus related SCCHN are very chemo and radiosensitive, so suitable for organ preserving strategy, which in the near future may be induction chemotherapy followed by association of chemotherapy and underpowered radiotherapy. Alcohol and tobacco related SCCHN are themselves strongly heterogeneous and can be divided in different entities on the basis of the “Driver” genetic aberration, responsible for carcinogenesis. The most frequently mutated genes in alcohol and tobacco-related SCCHN are TP53, NOTCH1, CCND1, CDKN2A, EGFR and PI3KCA. Conclusions: Virus-related SCCHN can be managed with chemo-radiotherapy. Alcohol and tobacco-related tumors should be further characterized on the basis of their “Driver Mutations” in order to select effective targeted therapies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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