Coexpression of Helios in Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Its Role in Human Disease
| Autor: | Cheng-Jing Gu, Ningfei Ji, Wen-qing Yu, Yan-Li Wang, Mingshun Zhang, Mao Huang |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Medicine (General) Clinical Biochemistry chemical and pharmacologic phenomena HeliOS Review Article Biology Infections T-Lymphocytes Regulatory law.invention Proinflammatory cytokine Autoimmune Diseases 03 medical and health sciences Ikaros Transcription Factor 0302 clinical medicine Immune system R5-920 law Immunity Neoplasms Genetics Animals Humans Connective Tissue Diseases Molecular Biology Transcription factor Inflammation Biochemistry (medical) FOXP3 hemic and immune systems Forkhead Transcription Factors General Medicine Organ Transplantation Phenotype 030104 developmental biology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Immunology Suppressor Biomarkers |
| Zdroj: | Disease Markers Disease Markers, Vol 2021 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1875-8630 0278-0240 |
| Popis: | Regulatory T cells (Tregs) expressing the Foxp3 transcription factor are indispensable for the maintenance of immune system homeostasis. Tregs may lose Foxp3 expression or be reprogrammed into cells that produce proinflammatory cytokines, for example, Th1-like Tregs, Th2-like Tregs, Th17-like Tregs, and Tfh-like Tregs. Accordingly, selective therapeutic molecules that manipulate Treg lineage stability and/or functional activity might have the potential to improve aberrant immune responses in human disorders. In particular, the transcription factor Helios has emerged as an important marker and modulator of Tregs. Therefore, the current review focuses on recent findings on the expression, function, and mechanisms of Helios, as well as the patterns of Foxp3+ Tregs coexpressing Helios in various human disorders, in order to explore the potential of Helios for the improvement of many immune-related diseases. The studies were selected from PubMed using the library of the Nanjing Medical University in this review. The findings of the included studies indicate that Helios expression stabilizes the phenotype and function of Foxp3+ Tregs in certain inflammatory environments. Further, Tregs coexpressing Helios and Foxp3 were identified as a specific phenotype of stronger suppressor immune cells in both humans and animal models. Importantly, there is ample evidence that Helios-expressing Foxp3+ Tregs are relevant to various human disorders, including connective tissue diseases, infectious diseases, solid organ transplantation-related immunity, and cancer. Thus, Helios+Foxp3+CD4+ Tregs could be a valuable target in human diseases, and their potential should be explored further in the clinical setting. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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