Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection
| Autor: | Martin A. Nowak, Andrew M. Hill, Hugh McDade, Richard Boehme, Sebastian Bonhoeffer, Howard C. Thomas |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1996 |
| Předmět: |
Hepatitis B virus
Time Factors Population HIV Infections Viremia Biology Virus Replication medicine.disease_cause Antiviral Agents Models Biological Virus medicine Humans Hepatitis B e Antigens education education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Dose-Response Relationship Drug Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor Zalcitabine Lamivudine Alanine Transaminase Hepatitis B medicine.disease Virology Kinetics Immunology Regression Analysis Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Viral load Research Article medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 93:4398-4402 |
| ISSN: | 1091-6490 0027-8424 |
| DOI: | 10.1073/pnas.93.9.4398 |
| Popis: | Treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections with the reverse transcriptase inhibitor lamivudine leads to a rapid decline in plasma viremia and provides estimates for crucial kinetic constants of HBV replication. We find that in persistently infected patients, HBV particles are cleared from the plasma with a half-life of approximately 1.0 day, which implies a 50% daily turnover of the free virus population. Total viral release into the periphery is approximately 10(11) virus particles per day. Although we have no direct measurement of the infected cell mass, we can estimate the turnover rate of these cells in two ways: (i) by comparing the rate of viral production before and after therapy or (ii) from the decline of hepatitis B antigen during treatment. These two independent methods give equivalent results: we find a wide distribution of half-lives for virus-producing cells, ranging from 10 to 100 days in different patients, which may reflect differences in rates of lysis of infected cells by immune responses. Our analysis provides a quantitative understanding of HBV replication dynamics in vivo and has implications for the optimal timing of drug treatment and immunotherapy in chronic HBV infection. This study also represents a comparison for recent findings on the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The total daily production of plasma virus is, on average, higher in chronic HBV carriers than in HIV-infected patients, but the half-life of virus-producing cells is much shorter in HIV. Most strikingly, there is no indication of drug resistance in HBV-infected patients treated for up to 24 weeks. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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