CircRNAs: From anonymity to novel regulators of gene expression in cancer (Review)
| Autor: | Katherine L. Harper, Adrian Whitehouse, Euan McDonnell |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Regulation of gene expression Cancer Research Oncogene RNA Splicing RNA Oncogenes RNA Circular Computational biology Biology Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Oncology Neoplasms 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Gene expression microRNA RNA splicing Biomarkers Tumor Humans Genes Tumor Suppressor Gene Biogenesis |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Oncology. |
| ISSN: | 1791-2423 1019-6439 |
| DOI: | 10.3892/ijo.2019.4904 |
| Popis: | Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a group of non‑coding RNAs, formed mostly through a unique backsplicing mechanism. Originally proposed to be a by‑product from errors in splicing, recent studies have shown they exhibit a range of roles in regulating gene expression, including sponging of microRNAs (miRNAs), interactions with RNA‑binding proteins and regulation of transcription. Though research is still in its infancy, evidence suggests circRNA levels are tightly regulated in the cell, reinforced by dysregulated circRNAs levels being implicated in a range of diseases, including cancer and viral infection. There is growing interest in circRNAs playing specific roles in cancers, either oncogenic or as tumour suppressors, with particular focus on their potential as novel biomarkers. This review will provide an overview of circRNA biogenesis and regulation, and their potential roles in the cell, with a focus on their dysregulation in cancer. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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