Biological markers of oxidative stress: Applications to cardiovascular research and practice

Autor: Keyvan Karimi Galougahi, Edwin Ho, Gemma A. Figtree, Ravi Bhindi, Chia-Chi Liu
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2013
Předmět:
Pathology
Biomedical Research
Clinical Biochemistry
HOCl
hypochlorous acid
MPO
myeloperoxidase
Review Article
Disease
Bioinformatics
medicine.disease_cause
Biochemistry
lcsh:QH301-705.5
chemistry.chemical_classification
lcsh:R5-920
Glutathionylation
Cardiovascular disease
Prognosis
HO2•
hydroperoxyl radical
Cardiovascular Diseases
H2O2
hydrogen peroxide
Biomarker (medicine)
lcsh:Medicine (General)
NO2
nitrogen dioxide
medicine.medical_specialty
GSH
glutathione (reduced)
Cardiovascular research
Oxidative phosphorylation
CVD
cardiovascular disease
OxLDL
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein
IsoP
isoprostane
ROS
reactive oxygen species
Mediator
Disease severity
medicine
Animals
Humans
MDA
malondialdehyde
Reactive oxygen species
•OH
hydroxyl radical
business.industry
Organic Chemistry
Biomarker
ONOO−
peroxynitrite
chemistry
lcsh:Biology (General)
Oxidative stress
business
TBARS
thiobarbituric acid reacting substance
Biomarkers
O2•−
superoxide
Zdroj: Redox Biology, Vol 1, Iss 1, Pp 483-491 (2013)
Redox Biology
ISSN: 2213-2317
Popis: Oxidative stress is a common mediator in pathogenicity of established cardiovascular risk factors. Furthermore, it likely mediates effects of emerging, less well-defined variables that contribute to residual risk not explained by traditional factors. Functional oxidative modifications of cellular proteins, both reversible and irreversible, are a causal step in cellular dysfunction. Identifying markers of oxidative stress has been the focus of many researchers as they have the potential to act as an “integrator” of a multitude of processes that drive cardiovascular pathobiology. One of the major challenges is the accurate quantification of reactive oxygen species with very short half-life. Redox-sensitive proteins with important cellular functions are confined to signalling microdomains in cardiovascular cells and are not readily available for quantification. A popular approach is the measurement of stable by-products modified under conditions of oxidative stress that have entered the circulation. However, these may not accurately reflect redox stress at the cell/tissue level. Many of these modifications are “functionally silent”. Functional significance of the oxidative modifications enhances their validity as a proposed biological marker of cardiovascular disease, and is the strength of the redox cysteine modifications such as glutathionylation. We review selected biomarkers of oxidative stress that show promise in cardiovascular medicine, as well as new methodologies for high-throughput measurement in research and clinical settings. Although associated with disease severity, further studies are required to examine the utility of the most promising oxidative biomarkers to predict prognosis or response to treatment.
Graphical abstract
Highlights • Oxidative stress is a common mediator in pathobiology of risk factors for CVD. • Oxidative modifications of proteins and lipids alter cellular function. • Some oxidative biomarkers have been associated with severity of CVD. • Pathophysiologically relevant biomarkers may integrate the effect of risk factors. • Utility of oxidative biomarkers to guide prognosis/treatment merits further work.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: