Molecular signatures of aneuploidy-driven adaptive evolution
Autor: | Amnon Koren, Marco Mariotti, Michelle L Hulke, Maxim V. Gerashchenko, Alaattin Kaya, Alexander Tyshkovskiy, Siming Ma, Xuming Zhou, Vadim N. Gladyshev |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2020 |
Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Transcription Genetic ADN Gene Dosage General Physics and Astronomy Aneuploidy 0302 clinical medicine Gene Expression Regulation Fungal Gene Regulatory Networks Promoter Regions Genetic lcsh:Science Genetics Experimental evolution education.field_of_study Multidisciplinary Karyotype Adaptation Physiological Phenotype Genome Fungal Ploidy Science Cèl·lules Cells Population Saccharomyces cerevisiae Biology Gene dosage Article Evolutionary genetics General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences medicine education Gene Alleles DNA General Chemistry medicine.disease Evolvability Anomalies cromosòmiques 030104 developmental biology Chromosome abnormalities Mutation lcsh:Q 030217 neurology & neurosurgery DNA Damage |
Zdroj: | Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2020) Nature Communications |
ISSN: | 2041-1723 |
Popis: | Alteration of normal ploidy (aneuploidy) can have a number of opposing effects, such as unbalancing protein abundances and inhibiting cell growth but also accelerating genetic diversification and rapid adaptation. The interplay of these detrimental and beneficial effects remains puzzling. Here, to understand how cells develop tolerance to aneuploidy, we subject disomic (i.e. with an extra chromosome copy) strains of yeast to long-term experimental evolution under strong selection, by forcing disomy maintenance and daily population dilution. We characterize mutations, karyotype alterations and gene expression changes, and dissect the associated molecular strategies. Cells with different extra chromosomes accumulated mutations at distinct rates and displayed diverse adaptive events. They tended to evolve towards normal ploidy through chromosomal DNA loss and gene expression changes. We identify genes with recurrent mutations and altered expression in multiple lines, revealing a variant that improves growth under genotoxic stresses. These findings support rapid evolvability of disomic strains that can be used to characterize fitness effects of mutations under different stress conditions. Aneuploidy (abnormal chromosome number) can enable rapid adaptation to stress conditions, but it also entails fitness costs from gene imbalance. Here, the authors experimentally evolve yeast while forcing maintenance of aneuploidy to identify the mechanisms that promote tolerance of aneuploidy. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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