Susceptibility and role as competent host of the red-legged partridge after infection with lineage 1 and 2 West Nile virus isolates of Mediterranean and Central European origin
| Autor: | Francisco Llorente, Elisa Pérez-Ramírez, Javier del Amo, Norbert Nowotny, Miguel Ángel Jiménez-Clavero |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Mediterranean climate viruses 030106 microbiology Zoology Virulence Red-legged partridge Biology Antibodies Viral Microbiology Quail 03 medical and health sciences Animals Humans Viremia Experimental infection Israel Alectoris rufa Host competence General Veterinary Inoculation Bird Diseases virus diseases Outbreak General Medicine Viral Load biology.organism_classification Europe 030104 developmental biology Italy Feather visual_art Austria Host-Pathogen Interactions visual_art.visual_art_medium biology.protein WNV lineage 1 and 2 Antibody Viral load West Nile virus West Nile Fever |
| Zdroj: | Repositorio de Resultados de Investigación del INIA INIA: Repositorio de Resultados de Investigación del INIA Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria INIA |
| ISSN: | 1873-2542 |
| Popis: | West Nile virus (WNV; genus Flavivirus; family Flaviviridae) is the aetiological agent of an emerging, mosquito-borne disease with great impact on human and animal health. Over the past 15 years, WNV has been responsible for large epidemics mainly in North America but also in Europe, where lineage 1 and more recently lineage 2 strains have caused an upsurge in the number of outbreaks with increased human infection and higher virulence for certain wild bird species. This study aimed to compare the course of infection of the lineage 1 WNV strains Israel/98 and Italy/08 and the lineage 2 strain Austria/08 in the red-legged partridge (Alectoris rufa), a gallinaceous bird indigenous to the Iberian Peninsula and widely distributed in Southern and Western Europe. After experimental inoculation, clinical and analytic parameters (viraemia, viral load, antibodies) were examined over a period of 15 days. All inoculated birds became viremic and showed clinical disease, with a morbidity rate of 100% and mortality rates between 22.2 and 55.5% depending on the virus strain. The red-legged partridge demonstrated to be a competent host for transmission of the three investigated WNV isolates with the highest competence index observed for the Italian strain. Likewise, this strain was the most pathogenic causing the highest viral loads in blood, organs, feathers and oral and cloacal secretions. These experimental results indicate that the red-legged partridge is highly susceptible to the infection with lineage 1 and 2 WNV strains and that this species may act as an amplifying host for both WNV lineages. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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