Continuous non-equilibrium transition driven by the heat flow
| Autor: | Paweł J. Żuk, Yirui Zhang, Robert Hołyst, Karol Makuch, Anna Maciołek, Marek Litniewski |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Physics
Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) Critical heat flux Non-equilibrium thermodynamics FOS: Physical sciences Function (mathematics) Mechanics 01 natural sciences Ideal gas 010305 fluids & plasmas Molecular dynamics Volume (thermodynamics) 0103 physical sciences 010306 general physics Adiabatic process Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics Stationary state |
| Zdroj: | Physical Review E |
| DOI: | 10.48550/arxiv.2103.12765 |
| Popis: | We discovered an out-of-equilibrium transition in the ideal gas between two walls, divided by an inner, adiabatic, movable wall. The system is driven out-of-equilibrium by supplying energy directly into the volume of the gas. At critical heat flux, we have found a continuous transition to the state with a low-density, hot gas on one side of the movable wall and a dense, cold gas on the other side. Molecular dynamic simulations of the soft-sphere fluid confirm the existence of the transition in the interacting system. We introduce a stationary state Helmholtz-like function whose minimum determines the stable positions of the internal wall. This transition can be used as a paradigm of transitions in stationary states and the Helmholtz-like function as a paradigm of the thermodynamic description of these states. Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures; paragraph one rewritten; comments added regarding maxEP, and figures 4, 5 and 6 are added; references added and typos corrected |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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