Three Arabidopsis SnRK2 Protein Kinases, SRK2D/SnRK2.2, SRK2E/SnRK2.6/OST1 and SRK2I/SnRK2.3, Involved in ABA Signaling are Essential for the Control of Seed Development and Dormancy
| Autor: | Norihito Kanamori, Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, Yasunari Fujita, Kanako Ishiyama, Kazuo Shinozaki, Takeshi Katagiri, Kyonoshin Maruyama, Takuya Yoshida, Kazuo Nakashima, Taishi Umezawa, Masatomo Kobayashi, Satoshi Kidokoro |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Physiology
Mutant Arabidopsis Germination Plant Science Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases chemistry.chemical_compound Plant Growth Regulators Gene Expression Regulation Plant Abscisic acid Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Cell Nucleus Pyrabactin Regulation of gene expression biology Arabidopsis Proteins Kinase Gene Expression Profiling fungi food and beverages Cell Biology General Medicine Plants Genetically Modified biology.organism_classification Phenotype chemistry Biochemistry RNA Plant Seeds Dormancy Abscisic Acid |
| Zdroj: | Plant and Cell Physiology. 50:1345-1363 |
| ISSN: | 1471-9053 0032-0781 |
| Popis: | ABA is an important phytohormone regulating various plant processes, including stress tolerance, seed development and germination. SRK2D/SnRK2.2, SRK2E/SnRK2.6/OST1 and SRK2I/SnRK2.3 are redundant ABA-activated SNF1-related protein kinases 2 (SnRK2s) in Arabidopsis thaliana. We examined the role of these protein kinases in seed development and germination. These SnRK2 proteins were mainly expressed in the nucleus during seed development and germination. The triple mutant (srk2d srk2e srk2i) was sensitive to desiccation and showed severe growth defects during seed development. It exhibited a loss of dormancy and elevated seed ABA content relative to wild-type plants. The severity of these phenotypes was far stronger than that of any single or double SRK2D, SRK2E and SRK2I mutants, including the srk2d srk2i mutant. The triple mutant had greatly reduced phosphorylation activity in in-gel kinase experiments using basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors including ABI5. Microarray experiments revealed that 48 and 30% of the down-regulated genes in abi5 and abi3 seeds were suppressed in the triple mutant seeds, respectively. Moreover, disruption of the three protein kinases induced global changes in the up-regulation of ABA-repressive gene expression, as well as the down-regulation of ABA-inducible gene expression. These alterations in gene expression result in a loss of dormancy and severe growth defects during seed development. Collectively, these results indicate that SRK2D, SRK2E and SRK2I protein kinases involved in ABA signaling are essential for the control of seed development and dormancy through the extensive control of gene expression. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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