Comparison of bonobo and chimpanzee brain microstructure reveals differences in socio-emotional circuits
| Autor: | Nicky Staes, Patrick R. Hof, Annette Gendron-Fitzpatrick, Chet C. Sherwood, Jared P. Taglialatela, William D. Hopkins, Sophia Diggs-Galligan, Cheryl D. Stimpson, Habon Issa |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Neuropil Histology Pan troglodytes Emotions Nucleus accumbens Insular cortex Amygdala 050105 experimental psychology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Species Specificity Cortex (anatomy) Neural Pathways medicine Animals 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Social Behavior Biology Anterior cingulate cortex Behavior Animal biology General Neuroscience Bonobo 05 social sciences Brain Pan paniscus biology.organism_classification medicine.anatomical_structure nervous system Female Anatomy Primary motor cortex Neuroscience Biomarkers 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Brain structure & function |
| ISSN: | 1863-2661 1863-2653 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s00429-018-1751-9 |
| Popis: | Despite being closely related, bonobos and chimpanzees exhibit several behavioral differences. For instance, studies indicate that chimpanzees are more aggressive, territorial, and risk-taking, while bonobos exhibit greater social tolerance and higher rates of socio-sexual interactions. To elucidate the potential neuroanatomical variation that accompanies these differences, we examined the microstructure of selected brain areas by quantifying the neuropil fraction, a measure of the relative tissue area occupied by structural elements of connectivity (e.g., dendrites, axons, and synapses) versus cell bodies. In bonobos and chimpanzees, we compared neuropil fractions in the nucleus accumbens (NAc; core and shell), amygdala (whole, accessory basal, basal, central and lateral nuclei), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; dorsal and subgenual), anterior insular cortex (AIC), and primary motor cortex (M1). In the dorsal ACC and frontoinsular cortex (FI) we also quantified numbers of von Economo neurons (VENs), a unique subset of neurons thought to be involved in rapid information processing during social interactions. We predicted that the neuropil fraction and number of VENs in brain regions associated with socio-emotional processing would be higher in bonobos. In support of this hypothesis, we found that bonobos had significantly greater neuropil in the central and accessory basal nuclei of the amygdala, as well as layers V–VI of the subgenual ACC. However, we did not find a difference in the numbers of VENs between the two species. These findings support the conclusion that bonobo and chimpanzee brains differ in the anatomical organization of socio-emotional systems that may reflect species-specific variation in behavior. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full text from SpringerLink