Real-time transmission of full-motion echocardiography over a high-speed data network: impact of data rate and network quality of service
| Autor: | David P. Meyers, Eric Bobinsky, Michael L. Main, Kevin L. Jones, James D. Thomas, Annitta Morehead, Michael S. Firstenberg, Matt Chew Spence, Michael Baldizzi, Brian Frantz, David Foltz, David Pleva, Kenneth Freeman, Debra Bailey |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Quality Control
Computer science Image quality Quality of service United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration Real-time computing Image processing Telemedicine United States Digital image Transmission (telecommunications) Asynchronous communication Echocardiography Image Processing Computer-Assisted Humans Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Communications protocol Artifacts Simulation Broadcast quality |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography. 13(8) |
| ISSN: | 0894-7317 |
| Popis: | With high-resolution network transmission required for telemedicine, education, and guided-image acquisition, the impact of errors and transmission rates on image quality needs evaluation. METHODS: We transmitted clinical echocardiograms from 2 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) research centers with the use of Motion Picture Expert Group-2 (MPEG-2) encoding and asynchronous transmission mode (ATM) network protocol over the NASA Research and Education Network. Data rates and network quality (cell losses [CLR], errors [CER], and delay variability [CVD]) were altered and image quality was judged. RESULTS: At speeds of 3 to 5 megabits per second (Mbps), digital images were superior to those on videotape; at 2 Mbps, images were equivalent. Increasing CLR caused occasional, brief pauses. Extreme CER and CDV increases still yielded high-quality images. CONCLUSIONS: Real-time echocardiographic acquisition, guidance, and transmission is feasible with the use of MPEG-2 and ATM with broadcast quality seen above 3 Mbps, even with severe network quality degradation. These techniques can be applied to telemedicine and used for planned echocardiography aboard the International Space Station. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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