Blue–yellow colour vision impairment and cognitive deficits in occasional and dependent stimulant users
| Autor: | Katrin H. Preller, Michael Wagner, Lea M. Hulka, Daniela Jenni, Boris B. Quednow |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | University of Zurich, Quednow, Boris B |
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent genetic structures N-Methyl-3 4-methylenedioxyamphetamine medicine.medical_treatment Amphetamine-Related Disorders Ecstasy Color Vision Defects 610 Medicine & health Neuropsychological Tests Audiology Verbal learning Cocaine-Related Disorders Young Adult 2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine U6 Integrative Human Physiology medicine Humans 2736 Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology (medical) Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance 10064 Neuroscience Center Zurich Psychiatry Amphetamine Pharmacology Working memory Cortical blindness Vision Tests MDMA Middle Aged medicine.disease 030227 psychiatry Stimulant Psychiatry and Mental health 3004 Pharmacology 10054 Clinic for Psychiatry Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics 570 Life sciences biology Central Nervous System Stimulants Cognition Disorders Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology / official scientific journal of the Collegium |
| Popis: | Specific blue–yellow colour vision impairment has been reported in dependent cocaine users and it was postulated that drug-induced changes in retinal dopamine neurotransmission are responsible. However, it is unclear whether these changes are confined to chronic cocaine users, whether they are specific for dopaminergic stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamine and whether they are related to cognitive functions such as working memory, encoding and consolidation. In 47 occasional and 29 dependent cocaine users, 23 MDMA (commonly known as ‘ecstasy’) users and 47 stimulant-naive controls, colour vision discrimination was measured with the Lanthony Desaturated Panel D-15 Test and memory performance with the Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Both occasional and dependent cocaine users showed higher colour confusion indices than controls. Users of the serotonergic stimulant MDMA (26%), occasional (30%) and dependent cocaine users (34%) exhibited more frequent blue–yellow colour vision disorders compared to controls (9%). Inferior performance of MDMA users was caused by a subgroup with high amphetamine co-use (55%), while MDMA use alone was not associated with decreased blue–yellow discrimination (0%). Cognitive performance was worse in cocaine users with colour vision disorder compared to users and controls with intact colour vision and both colour vision impairment and cognitive deficits were related to cocaine use. Occasional cocaine and amphetamine use might induce blue–yellow colour vision impairment, whereas the serotonergic stimulant MDMA does not impair colour vision. The association between colour vision impairment and cognitive deficits in cocaine users may reflect that retinal and cerebral dopamine alterations are linked to a certain degree. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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