Exploring natural variation of photosynthesis in a site-specific manner: evolution, progress, and prospects
Autor: | Dananjali Gamage, Seiji Nagasaka, Saman Seneweera, Kiruba Arun-Chinnappa, Anke Martin, Gavin Ash, Paul J. Milham, Prabuddha Dehigaspitiya |
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Rok vydání: | 2019 |
Předmět: |
Crops
Agricultural 0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Climate Change Population Plant Science Biology Photosynthesis 01 natural sciences 03 medical and health sciences Gene Expression Regulation Plant Effects of global warming Genetics education Triticum education.field_of_study Food security Genetic Variation food and beverages Oryza Biological Evolution Carbon 030104 developmental biology Agronomy Productivity (ecology) Threatened species Photorespiration Edible Grain Genetic Engineering Green Revolution 010606 plant biology & botany |
Zdroj: | Planta. 250:1033-1050 |
ISSN: | 1432-2048 0032-0935 |
Popis: | Site-specific changes of photosynthesis, a relatively new concept, can be used to improve the productivity of critical food crops to mitigate the foreseen food crisis. Global food security is threatened by an increasing population and the effects of climate change. Large yield improvements were achieved in major cereal crops between the 1950s and 1980s through the Green Revolution. However, we are currently experiencing a significant decline in yield progress. Of the many approaches to improved cereal yields, exploitation of the mode of photosynthesis has been intensely studied. Even though the C4 pathway is considered the most efficient, mainly because of the carbon concentrating mechanisms around the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, which minimize photorespiration, much is still unknown about the specific gene regulation of this mode of photosynthesis. Most of the critical cereal crops, including wheat and rice, are categorized as C3 plants based on the photosynthesis of major photosynthetic organs. However, recent findings raise the possibility of different modes of photosynthesis occurring at different sites in the same plant and/or in plants grown in different habitats. That is, it seems possible that efficient photosynthetic traits may be expressed in specific organs, even though the major photosynthetic pathway is C3. Knowledge of site-specific differences in photosynthesis, coupled with site-specific regulation of gene expression, may therefore hold a potential to enhance the yields of economically important C3 crops. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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