Molecular mechanisms creating bistable switches at cell cycle transitions
Autor: | Anael Verdugo, Bela Novak, John J. Tyson, P. K. Vinod |
---|---|
Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2016 |
Předmět: |
Models
Molecular bistability Immunology Saccharomyces cerevisiae General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Substrate Specificity 03 medical and health sciences Cyclin-dependent kinase lcsh:QH301-705.5 Mitosis Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences biology Activator (genetics) Research General Neuroscience Cell Cycle 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology G1 Phase Cell cycle biology.organism_classification Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Enzymes Cell biology Kinetics Spindle checkpoint lcsh:Biology (General) biology.protein network motifs checkpoints Restriction point Research Article Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein |
Zdroj: | Open Biology Open Biology, Vol 3, Iss 3 (2013) |
DOI: | 10.1098/rsob.120179 |
Popis: | Progression through the eukaryotic cell cycle is characterized by specific transitions, where cells move irreversibly from stagei−1 of the cycle into stagei. These irreversible cell cycle transitions are regulated by underlying bistable switches, which share some common features. An inhibitory protein stalls progression, and an activatory protein promotes progression. The inhibitor and activator are locked in a double-negative feedback loop, creating a one-way toggle switch that guarantees an irreversible commitment to move forward through the cell cycle, and it opposes regression from stageito stagei−1. In many cases, the activator is an enzyme that modifies the inhibitor in multiple steps, whereas the hypo-modified inhibitor binds strongly to the activator and resists its enzymatic activity. These interactions are the basis of a reaction motif that provides a simple and generic account of many characteristic properties of cell cycle transitions. To demonstrate this assertion, we apply the motif in detail to the G1/S transition in budding yeast and to the mitotic checkpoint in mammalian cells. Variations of the motif might support irreversible cellular decision-making in other contexts. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
Externí odkaz: |