Evolution of the percutaneous penetration and distribution of uranyl nitrate as a function of skin-barrier integrity: An in vitro assessment
| Autor: | F. Petitot, François Paquet, Anne-Marie Moreels |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Laboratoire de radiotoxicologie et radiobiologie expérimentale (LRTOX), Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Franz diffusion cell system Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Abrasion (medical) tissue distribution Rats Hairless skin penetration Toxicology Hairless 030207 dermatology & venereal diseases chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine rat animal injuries Skin thermoregulation integumentary system Histocytochemistry diffusion skin examination article risk assessment methodology General Medicine simulation skin water loss 6. Clean water dermis nitric acid medicine.anatomical_structure cytochemistry 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Uranyl Nitrate Water Loss skin injury hairless rat Skin barrier medicine.medical_specialty in vitro study Skin Absorption animal experiment Percutaneous penetration In Vitro Techniques animal tissue histology 03 medical and health sciences skin abrasion epidermis Stratum corneum medicine Distribution (pharmacology) stratum corneum Animals controlled study skin biopsy Pharmacology Transepidermal water loss Chemical Health and Safety nonhuman skin barrier integrity Rattus Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health medicine.disease Water Loss Insensible In vitro Surgery skinfold thickness Rats Uranyl nitrate chemistry physiology Insensible metabolism Biomedical engineering |
| Zdroj: | Drug and Chemical Toxicology Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2010, 33 (3), pp.316-324. ⟨10.3109/01480540903431457⟩ |
| DOI: | 10.3109/01480540903431457⟩ |
| Popis: | As recommended by OECD Guidelines, percutaneous penetration studies consider intact skin, but rarely injured skin. Recent years have witnessed a growing concern for these two types of dermal exposure in the industry, particularly in the nuclear industry. The aim of this study was to show that a method based on an in vitro device can be used to realistically assess how skin-barrier alterations caused by occupational accidents can modify the percutaneous penetration and distribution of radionuclides, particularly uranium. Wounds encountered in the nuclear industry (i.e., nitric acid burns and abrasion) were simulated on hairless rat skin. Skin-barrier alterations were characterized by means of a histological study and by measuring transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin thickness. The percutaneous penetration of uranyl nitrate through intact or injured skin biopsies was then measured in vitro. The maximum uranium flux values obtained for intact skin, skin abrasion with stratum corneum removal, and skin exposed to 2 N HNO(3), 5 N HNO(3), and 14 N HNO(3) were, respectively, 0.6 +/- 0.02, 1.2 +/- 0.03, 1.2 +/- 0.04, 42.0 +/- 1.0, and 174.0 +/- 8.7 ng.cm(-2).h(-1). These results demonstrated that the percutaneous absorption of uranium increased with the increased impairment of the stratum corneum. TEWL, combined with maximum uranium flux values measured in vitro, yielded a good prediction of the percutaneous penetration of uranium through injured skin, previously observed in vivo. To conclude, this in vitro assay provides a conservative estimate of the percutaneous diffusion of uranium through intact or injured skin, making it a good alternative method for toxicological studies and risk assessments. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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