Cross-species transmission of Giardia spp.: inoculation of beavers and muskrats with cysts of human, beaver, mouse, and muskrat origin
| Autor: | William J. Bemrick, W Jakubowski, Daniel G. Schupp, Stanley L. Erlandsen, F W Schaefer, Mary M. Januschka, Lee Ann Sherlock |
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| Rok vydání: | 1988 |
| Předmět: |
Giardiasis
Rodent Diseases Beaver Disease reservoir Rodentia medicine.disease_cause Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Microbiology Mice fluids and secretions biology.animal Intestine Small parasitic diseases otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Animals Humans Giardia lamblia Feces Disease Reservoirs Microvilli Ecology biology Arvicolinae Giardia Anatomy Flow Cytometry biology.organism_classification Microscopy Electron Scanning GIARDIA SPP Research Article Food Science Biotechnology |
| Zdroj: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 54:2777-2785 |
| ISSN: | 1098-5336 0099-2240 |
| DOI: | 10.1128/aem.54.11.2777-2785.1988 |
| Popis: | Giardia cysts isolated from humans, beavers, mice, and muskrats were tested in cross-species transmission experiments for their ability to infect either beavers or muskrats. Giardia cysts, derived from multiple symptomatic human donors and used for inoculation of beavers or muskrats, were shown to be viable by incorporation of fluorogenic dyes, excystation, and their ability to produce infections in the Mongolian gerbil model. Inoculation of beavers with 5 x 10(5) Giardia lamblia cysts resulted in the infection of 75% of the animals (n = 8), as judged by the presence of fecal cysts or intestinal trophozoites at necropsy. The mean prepatent period was 13.1 days. An infective dose experiment, using 5 x 10(1) to 5 x 10(5) viable G. lamblia cysts collected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting, demonstrated that doses of between, less than 50, and less than 500 viable cysts were required to produce infection in beavers. Scanning electron microscopy of beaver small intestine revealed that attachment of G. lamblia trophozoites produced lesions in the microvillous border. Inoculation of muskrats with G. lamblia cysts produced infections when the dose of cysts was equal to or greater than 1.25 x 10(5). The inoculation of beavers with Giardia ondatrae or Giardia muris cysts did not produce any infection; however, the administration to muskrats of Giardia cysts of beaver origin resulted in the infection of 62% of the animals (n = 8), with a prepatent period of 5 days. Our results demonstrated that beavers and muskrats could be infected with Giardia cysts derived from humans, but only by using large numbers of cysts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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