Androgen signaling expands β-cell mass in male rats and β-cell androgen receptor is degraded under high-glucose conditions
| Autor: | Yusuke Yotsumoto, Naoki Harada, Yasuhiro Yoda, Takahiro Katsuki, Yuji Takahashi, Kenji Kai, Ryoichi Yamaji, Nobuaki Shiraki, Tatsuya Masuda, Hiroshi Inui |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male medicine.medical_specialty Physiology medicine.drug_class Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Cell Cell Count Carbohydrate metabolism 03 medical and health sciences Mice Physiology (medical) Internal medicine Insulin-Secreting Cells Male rats medicine Animals Humans Rats Wistar Testosterone Cells Cultured Cell Proliferation Dose-Response Relationship Drug Chemistry Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Androgen Rats Androgen receptor Mice Inbred C57BL 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure Glucose Receptors Androgen High glucose Proteolysis Androgens Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism. 314(3) |
| ISSN: | 1522-1555 |
| Popis: | A deficient pancreatic β-cell mass increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here, we investigated the effects of testosterone on the development of pancreatic β-cell mass in male rats. The β-cell mass of male rats castrated at 6 wk of age was reduced to ~30% of that of control rats at 16 wk of age, and castration caused glucose intolerance. Loss of β-cell mass occurred because of decreases in islet density per pancreas and β-cell cluster size. Castration was negatively associated with the number of Ki-67-positive β-cells and positively associated with the number of TUNEL-positive β-cells. These β-cell changes could be prevented by testosterone treatment. In contrast, castration did not affect β-cell mass in male mice. Androgen receptor (AR) localized differently in mouse and rat β-cells. Testosterone enhanced the viability of INS-1 and INS-1 #6, which expresses high levels of AR, in rat β-cell lines. siRNA-mediated AR knockdown or AR antagonism with hydroxyflutamide attenuated this enhancement. Moreover, testosterone did not stimulate INS-1 β-cell viability under high d-glucose conditions. In INS-1 β-cells, d-glucose dose dependently (5.5–22.2 mM) downregulated AR protein levels both in the presence and absence of testosterone. The intracellular calcium chelator (BAPTA-AM) could prevent this decrease in AR expression. AR levels were also reduced by a calcium ionophore (A23187), but not by insulin, in the absence of the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Our results indicate that testosterone regulates β-cell mass, at least in part, by AR activation in the β-cells of male rats and that the β-cell AR is degraded under hyperglycemic conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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