Compatibilization of highly sustainable polylactide/almond shell flour composites by reactive extrusion with maleinized linseed oil
| Autor: | Chris Sammon, Luis Quiles-Carrillo, Rafael Balart, Nestor Montanes, Sergio Torres-Giner |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
food.ingredient
Materials science Green composites 02 engineering and technology Reactive extrusion 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Miscibility chemistry.chemical_compound food Linseed oil CIENCIA DE LOS MATERIALES E INGENIERIA METALURGICA Thermal stability Composite material Cellulose Maleic anhydride Compatibilization 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Waste valorization 0104 chemical sciences chemistry PLA Multi-functionalized vegetable oils Extrusion 0210 nano-technology Agronomy and Crop Science |
| Zdroj: | RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia instname |
| ISSN: | 0926-6690 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.10.062 |
| Popis: | [EN] Highly sustainable composites were produced by melt compounding polylactide (PLA) with almond shell flour (ASF), a processed by-product of the food industry, at a constant weight content of 30 wt.-%. However, due to the lack of miscibility between PLA and ASF, both being raw materials obtained from crops, resultant green composite presented poor ductility and low thermal stability. To overcome this limitation, maleinized linseed oil (MLO), a multi-functionalized plant-derived additive, was originally incorporated as a reactive compatibilizer during the extrusion process. Both chemical and physical characterizations showed that 1¿5 parts per hundred resin (phr) of MLO successfully serve to obtain PLA/ASF composites with improved mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties. The enhancement achieved was particularly related to a dual compatibilizing effect of plasticization in combination with melt grafting. The latter process was specifically ascribed to the formation of new carboxylic ester bonds through the reaction of the multiple maleic anhydride functionalities present in MLO with the hydroxyl groups of both the PLA terminal chains and cellulose on the ASF surface. The fully bio-based and biodegradable composites described herein give an efficient sustainable solution to upgrade agro-food wastes as well as contributing to reducing the cost of PLA-based materials. This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) project numbers MAT2014-59242-C2-1-R and AGL2015-63855-C2-1-R and Generalitat Valenciana (GV) project number GV/2014/008. L. Quiles-Carrillo wants to thank GV for financial support through a FPI grant (ACIF/2016/182) and the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports (MECD) for his FPU grant (FPU15/03812). |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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