Strongyloides stercoralis Infection in Alcoholic Patients
| Autor: | Joelma Nascimento de Souza, Neci Matos Soares, Flávia Thamiris Figueiredo Pacheco, Elizabete de Jesus Inês, Mônica L. S. Silva, Márcia Cristina Aquino Teixeira |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Rhabditiform larvae 030231 tropical medicine Usually asymptomatic lcsh:Medicine Review Article General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology Strongyloides stercoralis 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Medicine Feces General Immunology and Microbiology biology business.industry lcsh:R General Medicine biology.organism_classification medicine.disease 030104 developmental biology Strongyloidiasis Immunology Ethanol intake business Alcohol consumption Hormone |
| Zdroj: | BioMed Research International BioMed Research International, Vol 2016 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 2314-6141 2314-6133 |
| Popis: | The course ofStrongyloides stercoralisinfection is usually asymptomatic with a low discharge of rhabditoid larva in feces. However, the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption seem to enhance the susceptibility to infection, as shown by a fivefold higher strongyloidiasis frequency in alcoholics than in nonalcoholics. Moreover, the association betweenS. stercoralisinfection and alcoholism presents a risk for hyperinfection and severe strongyloidiasis. There are several possible mechanisms for the disruption of the host-parasite equilibrium in ethanol-addicted patients with chronic strongyloidiasis. One explanation is that chronic ethanol intake stimulates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis to produce excessive levels of endogenous cortisol, which in turn can lead to a deficiency in type 2 T helper cells (Th2) protective response, and also to mimic the parasite hormone ecdysone, which promotes the transformation of rhabditiform larvae to filariform larvae, leading to autoinfection. Therefore, when untreated, alcoholic patients are continuously infected by this autoinfection mechanism. Thus, the early diagnosis of strongyloidiasis and treatment can prevent serious forms of hyperinfection in ethanol abusers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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