Breast milk urea as a nitrogen source for urease positive Bifidobacterium infantis
| Autor: | Patrick Schimmel, Lennart Kleinjans, Clara Belzer, Jan Knol, Roger S. Bongers |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Urease Nitrogen 030106 microbiology Microbial metabolism Oligosaccharides Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis urea Breast milk Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Feces fluids and secretions Microbiologie Animals Humans Microbiome Food science MolEco Bifidobacterium VLAG urease AcademicSubjects/SCI01150 infant gut microbiota Ecology biology Milk Human Infant Newborn Infant food and beverages human milk biology.organism_classification Enzyme assay 030104 developmental biology chemistry biology.protein Urea Composition (visual arts) Female Research Article |
| Zdroj: | FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 97(3) FEMS Microbiology Ecology FEMS Microbiology Ecology 97 (2021) 3 |
| ISSN: | 0168-6496 |
| Popis: | Human milk stimulates a health-promoting gut microbiome in infants. However, it is unclear how the microbiota salvages and processes its required nitrogen from breast milk. Human milk nitrogen sources such as urea could contribute to the composition of this early life microbiome. Urea is abundant in human milk, representing a large part of the non-protein nitrogen (NPN). We found that B. longum subsp. infantis (ATCC17930) can use urea as a main source of nitrogen for growth in synthetic medium and enzyme activity was induced by the presence of urea in the medium. We furthermore confirmed the expression of both urease protein subunits and accessory proteins of B. longum subsp. infantis through proteomics. To the same end, metagenome data were mined for urease-related genes. It was found that the breastfed infant's microbiome possessed more urease-related genes than formula fed infants (51.4:22.1; 2.3-fold increase). Bifidobacteria provided a total of 106 of urease subunit alpha alignments, found only in breastfed infants. These experiments show how an important gut commensal that colonizes the infant intestine can metabolize urea. The results presented herein further indicate how dietary nitrogen can determine bacterial metabolism in the neonate gut and shape the overall microbiome. This study indicates that nitrogen sources in human milk are potentially selecting for a healthy gut microbiome, which is important for infant feeding and health considerations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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