Pre- and Postictal Changes in the Innate Immune System: Cause or Effect?

Autor:	Stefan Schwab, Müjgan Dogan Onugoren, David G. Olmes, Mareike Hagge, Manuel Proske, Hajo M. Hamer, Veit Rothhammer, Johannes Lang
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	Epilepsy Innate immune system business.industry medicine.medical_treatment CD14 Electroencephalography medicine.disease Epileptogenesis Cytokine Immune system Neurology Seizures Immunology Leukocytes Mononuclear medicine Humans Cytotoxic T cell Neurology (clinical) business CD8
Zdroj:	European Neurology. 84:380-388
ISSN:	1421-9913 0014-3022
Popis:	Introduction: Recent studies have shown that inflammatory processes might play a role in epileptogenesis. Their role in ictogenesis is much less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate peri-ictal changes of the innate immune system by analyzing changes of immune cells, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Methods: Patients with active epilepsy admitted for video-EEG monitoring for presurgical evaluation were included. Blood was sampled every 20 min for 5 h on 3 consecutive days until a seizure occurred. After a seizure, additional samples were drawn immediately, as well as 1 and 24 h later. To analyze the different populations of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, all samples underwent FACS for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, CD14, CD16, and CD19. For cytokine analysis, we used a custom bead-based multiplex immunoassay for IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and TNFα. Results: Fourteen patients with focal seizures during the sampling period were included. Natural killer (NK) cells showed a negative correlation (ρ = −0.3362, p = 0.0195) before seizure onset and an immediate increase to 1.95-fold afterward. T helper (TH) and B cells decreased by 2 and 8%, respectively, in the immediate postictal interval. Nonclassical and intermediate monocytes decreased not until 1 day after the seizures, and cytotoxic T (TC) cells showed a long-lasting postictal increase by 4%. IL-10 and MCP-1 increased significantly after seizures, and IL-12 decreased in the postictal phase. Discussion/Conclusion: Our study argues for a role of the innate immune system in the pre- and postictal phases. NK cells might be involved in preictal changes or be altered as an epiphenomenon in the immediate preictal interval.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::26306c7fefac0a6939ed5d362b42decc https://doi.org/10.1159/000516556 Zobrazit plný text záznamu