Outbreak of Enterovirus Infection with Neurological Presentations in a Pediatric Population in Northern Spain: A Clinical Observational Study
| Autor: | Cristina Rodriguez-Fernandez, Esther Maldonado-Ruiz, Maria Garrido-Barbero, Saturnino Ortiz-Madinaveitia, David Conejo-Moreno, Ignacio Bermejo-Arnedo, Marta Arribas-Arceredillo, Maria Socorro Perez-Poyato, Pablo del Villar-Guerra, Raquel Blanco-Lago, Andrea Sariego-Jamardo, Ramon Cancho-Candela, Alfonso Peña-Valenceja, Antonio Hedrera-Fernandez, Ignacio Málaga, Ana Belen Camina-Gutierrez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty 030106 microbiology medicine.disease_cause Asymptomatic Disease Outbreaks 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Interquartile range 030225 pediatrics medicine Enterovirus Infections Humans Child Pediatric intensive care unit Enterovirus D Human business.industry Aseptic meningitis Infant Retrospective cohort study General Medicine Myelitis medicine.disease Acute flaccid myelitis Spain Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health Enterovirus Neurology (clinical) medicine.symptom business Meningitis |
| Zdroj: | Neuropediatrics. 52(3) |
| ISSN: | 1439-1899 |
| Popis: | Objective The study aimed to describe the cases of neurological disease related to the outbreak of enterovirus (EV) in three regions in Northern Spain during 2016. Materials and Methods Multicenter retrospective observational study. Clinical, radiological, and microbiological data were analyzed from patients younger than 15 years with confirmed EV-associated neurological disease admitted to 10 hospitals of Asturias, Cantabria, and Castile and Leon between January 1 and December 31, 2016. Results Fifty-five patients were included. Median age was 24 months (interquartile range = 18.5 months). Fifteen patients were classified as aseptic meningitis (27.3%). In total, 37 cases presented brainstem encephalitis (67.3%), 25 of them due to EV-A71 with excellent prognosis (84.6% asymptomatic 2 months following the onset). Three cases of acute flaccid myelitis (5.5%) by EV-D68 were reported and presented persistent paresis 2 months following the onset. Microbiological diagnosis by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed in all cases, finding EV in cerebrospinal fluid in meningitis, but not in brainstem encephalitis and acute flaccid myelitis, where EV was found in respiratory or rectal samples. Step therapy was administrated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG; 32.7%), methylprednisolone (10%), and plasmapheresis (3.6%). Four patients received fluoxetine (7.3%). Twenty patients needed to be admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (36.4%). Conclusion Clinical, microbiological, and radiological diagnosis is essential in outbreaks of EV neurological disease, taking into account that it can be difficult to identify EV-A71 and EV-D68 in CSF, requiring throat or rectal samples. There is not specific treatment to these conditions and the efficacy and understanding of the mechanism of action of immune-modulatory treatment (IVIG, corticosteroids, and plasmapheresis) is limited. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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