Congenital Rubella Syndrome Surveillance in South Africa Using a Sentinel Site Approach: A Cross-sectional Study

Autor: Thanda Kyaw, Pravi Moodley, Thulisile Maphosa, Sheilagh B. Smit, Kim Harper, Graham Ducasse, J Nuttall, Nkengafac Villyen Motaze, Jeannette Kriel, Dave Leroux, Melinda Suchard, Felicity Goosen, Tumelo Leeuw, Diana Hardie, Jack Manamela, Christopher Sutton, Christopher Kelly, Wolfgang Preiser, Ute M. Hallbauer, Nicolette duPlessis, Michelle Muller, Magdaleen Blaauw, David P. Moore, Cheryl Cohen, Gary Reubenson, Radhika Singh, Mohlabi Hamese, Norman Dungwa, Philemon Rakgole, Daynia E Ballot, Akhtar Hussain, Helena Rabie, Lucy L Linley, Melantha Coetzee, Lloyd Tooke, Ahmad Haeri Mazanderani, Omphile Mekgoe, Kgomotso Sanyane
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Microbiology (medical)
Adult
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Pediatrics
Adolescent
Cross-sectional study
030106 microbiology
Rubella Syndrome
Congenital
Antibodies
Viral
Measles
Rubella
Medical Records
03 medical and health sciences
South Africa
Young Adult
0302 clinical medicine
Pregnancy
Epidemiology
otorhinolaryngologic diseases
Medicine
Humans
030212 general & internal medicine
Prospective Studies
Pregnancy Complications
Infectious
Articles and Commentaries
Qualitative Research
Retrospective Studies
Congenital rubella syndrome
business.industry
Medical record
Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence
rubella
congenital rubella syndrome
Infant
Newborn
Infant
medicine.disease
Rubella Infection
Infectious Diseases
Cross-Sectional Studies
birth defects
rubella-containing vaccines
surveillance
Female
business
Rubella virus
Sentinel Surveillance
Zdroj: Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
ISSN: 1537-6591
Popis: Background Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) includes disorders associated with intrauterine rubella infection. Incidence of CRS is higher in countries with no rubella-containing vaccines (RCV) in their immunization schedules. In the World Health Organization African region, RCVs are being introduced as part of the 2012–2020 global measles and rubella strategic plan. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of confirmed CRS in South Africa prior to introduction of RCVs in the immunization schedule. Methods This was a descriptive study with 28 sentinel sites reporting laboratory-confirmed CRS cases in all 9 provinces of South Africa. In the retrospective phase (2010 to 2014), CRS cases were retrieved from medical records, and in the prospective phase (2015 to 2017) clinicians at study sites reported CRS cases monthly. Results There were 42 confirmed CRS cases in the retrospective phase and 53 confirmed CRS cases in the prospective phase. Most frequently reported birth defects were congenital heart disease and cataracts. The median age of mothers of CRS cases was 21 years in the retrospective phase (range: 11 to 38 years) and 22 years in the prospective phase (range: 15 to 38 years). Conclusion Baseline data on laboratory-confirmed CRS will enable planning and monitoring of RCV implementation in the South African Expanded Programme on Immunization program. Ninety-eight percent of mothers of infants with CRS were young women 14–30 years old, indicating a potential immunity gap in this age group for consideration during introduction of RCV.
Sentinel site surveillance for congenital rubella in South Africa identified 95 cases from 2010 through 2017. Mothers of infants with congenital rubella were 14–38 years old. This information will inform planning of rubella vaccine introduction in the region.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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