Polymer Coatings of Cochlear Implant Electrode Surface – An Option for Improving Electrode-Nerve-Interface by Blocking Fibroblast Overgrowth
| Autor: | Gudrun Brandes, Pooyan Aliuos, W. Dempwolf, Thomas Lenarz, Henning Menzel, Kirsten Wissel, J. Bohlmann, C. Hadler, Athanasia Warnecke, G. Reuter |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Polymers lcsh:Medicine 02 engineering and technology Microscopy Atomic Force Rats Sprague-Dawley Contact angle Coated Materials Biocompatible Animal Cells Medicine and Health Sciences lcsh:Science Connective Tissue Cells Neurons Staining Multidisciplinary Laboratory glassware Chemistry Cell Staining Anatomy Silanes 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Immunohistochemistry Laboratory Equipment medicine.anatomical_structure Macromolecules Connective Tissue Physical Sciences Electrode Engineering and Technology Cellular Types 0210 nano-technology Research Article Neurite Materials by Structure Amorphous Solids Materials Science Equipment Connective tissue Research and Analysis Methods 03 medical and health sciences Coatings Neurites medicine Animals Cell adhesion Glial cell growth Electrodes Materials by Attribute Spiral ganglion Acrylamides Surface Treatments lcsh:R Biology and Life Sciences Cell Biology Laboratory Glassware Fibroblasts Neuronal Dendrites Polymer Chemistry Rats Cochlear Implants Biological Tissue 030104 developmental biology Animals Newborn Manufacturing Processes Specimen Preparation and Treatment Cellular Neuroscience Microscopy Electron Scanning Biophysics lcsh:Q Glass Neuroscience |
| Zdroj: | PLoS ONE PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 7, p e0157710 (2016) |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| Popis: | Overgrowth of connective tissue and scar formation induced by the electrode array insertion increase the impedance and, thus, diminish the interactions between neural probes as like cochlear implants (CI) and the target tissue. Therefore, it is of great clinical interest to modify the carrier material of the electrodes to improve the electrode nerve interface for selective cell adhesion. On one side connective tissue growth needs to be reduced to avoid electrode array encapsulation, on the other side the carrier material should not compromise the interaction with neuronal cells. The present in vitro-study qualitatively and quantitatively characterises the interaction of fibroblasts, glial cells and spiral ganglion neurons (SGN) with ultrathin poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAA), poly(2-ethyloxazoline) (PEtOx) and poly([2-methacryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammoniumchlorid) (PMTA) films immobilised onto glass surfaces using a photoreactive anchor layer. The layer thickness and hydrophilicity of the polymer films were characterised by ellipsometric and water contact angle measurement. Moreover the topography of the surfaces was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The neuronal and non-neuronal cells were dissociated from spiral ganglions of postnatal rats and cultivated for 48 h on top of the polymer coatings. Immunocytochemical staining of neuronal and intermediary filaments revealed that glial cells predominantly attached on PMTA films, but not on PDMAA and PEtOx monolayers. Hereby, strong survival rates and neurite outgrowth were only found on PMTA, whereas PDMAA and PEtOx coatings significantly reduced the SG neuron survival and neuritogenesis. As also shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) SGN strongly survived and retained their differentiated phenotype only on PMTA. In conclusion, survival and neuritogenesis of SGN may be associated with the extent of the glial cell growth. Since PMTA was the only of the polar polymers used in this study bearing a cationic charge, it can be assumed that this charge favours adhesion of both glial cells and SG neurons glial cells and SGN. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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