Natural history of hematospermia in 189 Japanese men
| Autor: | Akio Takayanagi, Seiji Furuya, Naoya Masumori |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Pathology Urology medicine.medical_treatment Remission Spontaneous 030232 urology & nephrology Malignancy Hematospermia Ejaculatory duct 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Seminal vesicle Prostate medicine Humans Cyst 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine business.industry Seminal Vesicles Endoscopy Hemospermia medicine.disease Prognosis Surgery Natural history Ejaculatory Ducts medicine.anatomical_structure Neoplasm Recurrence Local business Watchful waiting |
| Zdroj: | International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association. 23(11) |
| ISSN: | 1442-2042 |
| Popis: | Objectives To prospectively investigate the natural history of hematospermia. Methods This study included 189 patients with hematospermia. All the patients underwent watchful waiting without any empirical treatment. Results The median observation period was 52 months. Hematospermia resolved spontaneously in 168 (88.9%) of the 189 patients, and the median disease duration was 1.5 months. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the persistence rates of hematospermia were 57.7% at 1 month, 34.2% at 3 months, 23.3% at 6 months, 12.5% at 1 year and 7.6% at 2 years. Hematospermia reoccurred in 20 (13.5%) of the 148 patients who had adequate follow up. The recurrence-free rates were 96.6% at 3 months, 89.0% at 1 year, 84.8% at 5 years and 78.2% at 10 years. Multivariate analysis showed that seminal vesicle hemorrhage and a midline cyst of the prostate were significant factors to predict the duration of hematospermia until spontaneous resolution. The nine patients with persisting hematospermia for more than 1 year were treated with transurethral endoscopic surgery (unroofing of the midline cyst in six, and transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct in three), and hematospermia resolved postoperatively in all these patients. Conclusions In patients with hematospermia without inflammation, infection or malignancy, it is important to provide information on the possibility that symptoms will resolve spontaneously and to implement measures to relieve their anxiety. Detection of seminal vesicle hemorrhage and a midline cyst of the prostate is important for prediction of the duration of hematospermia. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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