Suberythemal Sun Exposures at Swedish Schools Depend on Sky Views of the Outdoor Environments - Possible Implications for Pupils' Health
| Autor: | Bernt Lindelöf, Peter Pagels, Cecilia Boldemann, Margareta Söderström, Ulf Wester |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Sweden
media_common.quotation_subject Health Status 030229 sport sciences General Medicine Environmental Exposure Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Geography Sky Environmental health Sunlight Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Seasons Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Vitamin D formation Hazard evaluation Child Students media_common |
| Zdroj: | Photochemistry and photobiology. 92(1) |
| ISSN: | 1751-1097 |
| Popis: | More scheduled outdoor stay is increasingly advocated for school children. This study measured 2(nd) , 5(th) and 8(th) graders' erythemal UV-exposure in September, March and May at four Swedish schools. We related those exposures, as fractions of total available ambient radiation, to the schools outdoor environments differing in amount of shade, vegetation, and peripheral city-scape quantified as percentage of free sky view calculated from fish-eye photographs. Exposures correlated to the sky views (with exceptions in May) and were suberythemal. The exposures were also below the threshold limit of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) for hazard evaluation of UVR but were potentially enough for adequate vitamin D formation according to a cited model calculation - as illustrated in the results and discussed. The school environments, typical in southern and middle Sweden, offer enough shade to protect children from overexposure during seasons with potentially harmful solar UV radiation. Pupils' outdoor stay may be extended during September and March. In May extended outdoor stay of the youngest pupils requires a more UVR-protective environment. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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