Biomineralization of calcium carbonate in the cell wall of Lithothamnion crispatum (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta): correlation between the organic matrix and the mineral phase

Autor:	Claudia S. Karez, Leonardo T. Salgado, Marcos Farina, Gilberto M. Amado Filho, Rachel Nunes Leal, Rodrigo Tomazetto de Carvalho, A.P.C. Campos, Jacques Werckmann, André L. Rossi
Rok vydání:	2017
Předmět:	0301 basic medicine Mineralogy 02 engineering and technology Plant Science Aquatic Science Mineralization (biology) Calcium Carbonate Cell wall 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Calcification Physiologic Microscopy Electron Transmission Cell Wall Reef geography geography.geographical_feature_category Mineral biology Coralline algae 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology biology.organism_classification 030104 developmental biology Calcium carbonate chemistry Rhodophyta Microscopy Electron Scanning Crystallite 0210 nano-technology Brazil Biomineralization
Zdroj:	Journal of Phycology. 53:642-651
ISSN:	0022-3646
DOI:	10.1111/jpy.12526
Popis:	Over the past few decades, progress has been made toward understanding the mechanisms of coralline algae mineralization. However, the relationship between the mineral phase and the organic matrix in coralline algae has not yet been thoroughly examined. The aim of this study was to describe the cell wall ultrastructure of Lithothamnion crispatum, a cosmopolitan rhodolith-forming coralline algal species collected near Salvador (Brazil), and examine the relationship between the organic matrix and the nucleation and growth/shape modulation of calcium carbonate crystals. A nanostructured pattern was observed in L. crispatum along the cell walls. At the nanoscale, the crystals from L. crispatum consisted of several single crystallites assembled and associated with organic material. The crystallites in the bulk of the cell wall had a high level of spatial organization. However, the crystals displayed cleavages in the (104) faces after ultrathin sectioning with a microtome. This organism is an important model for biomineralization studies as the crystallographic data do not fit in any of the general biomineralization processes described for other organisms. Biomineralization in L. crispatum is dependent on both the soluble and the insoluble organic matrix, which are involved in the control of mineral formation and organizational patterns through an organic matrix-mediated process. This knowledge concerning the mineral composition and organizational patterns of crystals within the cell walls should be taken into account in future studies of changing ocean conditions as they represent important factors influencing the physico-chemical interactions between rhodoliths and the environment in coralline reefs.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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